Mohammad Ataur Rahman
Mohammad Ataur Rahman, Pakistani biochemist (Ajmer, British India 24 June 1929 – Karachi 26 September 2015) Authored over 200 research papers and 6 books ACHIEVEMENTS Developed animal model of malnutrition Demonstrated that the malnutrition can be successfully overcame by especially reconstituted vegetable protein-rich diet Showed that the glycolytic pathway plays important role in diabetics as well as in senile cataract formation His studies on urolithiasis and schizophrenia have attracted international recognition SOME BIBLIOGRAPHY With A. Gul & S,N, Hasnain. Role of fructose concentration on cataractogenesis in senile diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 247(6):809-14, 2008 With M. Abdulkader. Studies on the biochemical characteristics of malnutrition in Pakistani infants and children. Brit. J. Nutrition 28:191, 1992 With A. Khanam & B. Rahman. Role of vitamins in urolithiasis. Biomed. Pharmacother. 42:609, 1988 With B. Rahman & Z. Hassan. Variation of copper and ceruloplasmin levels with liver function tests in schizophrenic patients. Biomed. Express. 29:238-41, 1978 With B. Rahman & Z. Hassan. Copper and ceruloplasmin in schizophrenia. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 4:1138-9, 1976 With G. Ahmad. Effects of undernutrition and protein malnutrition on brain chemistry. J. Nutr. 105:1090, 1975 With T. Khan. Prevalence of liver function impairment in women of child bearing ages. J. Pak. Med. Ass. 22:94, 1972 With S. Shahjehan. Studies on the etiology of urolithiasis in Karachi. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 24(1):32-7, 1971 With B. Parveen & Z. Hassan. Serum pseudocholinesterase activity in schizophrenia. Clin. Chim. Acta 30:497, 1970 With N. Afroze & B. Ketorski. Significance of urinary urea-creatinine and hydroxyproline ratios in protein malnutrition. Pak. J. Biochem. 3:29, 1970
Mithan Lal Roonwal
Mithan Lal Roonwal, Indian entomologist and primatologist (Jodhpur, Rajasthan State 18 September 1908 – Jodhpur, Rajasthan State 22 July 1990) Authored about 400 works Proposed Roonwal hypothesis on prediction of desert locust swarms (1946) On a new evolutionary phenomenon: the sharp increase of intraspecific variation in minimum populations, as evidenced by desert locus. Rec. Indian Mus. 51(4):481-525, 1953 Population dynamics and evolutionary problems in the desert locust with a new theory on gregarization. J. Zool. Soc. India 9(1):72-96, 1957 Showed the taxonomic value of micro-sculpturing on the wings of the various families of the Isoptera (1973) With S.C. Verma & M.L. Thakur. On a new systematic character in termites, the micrasters. Zeitschr. Zool. System. Evol. 12(1):55-76, 1974 On a new phylogenetically significant ratio (width/length) in termite eggs (Isoptera). Zool. Anz. 195(1-2):43-50, 1975 First to note geographic patterns in the shape in which gray langurs carried their tails (1979) Described the genus Indotermes 1960 with Sen-Sarma and about 60 especies in Isoptera Described the mammalian subspecies Rattus rattus bullocki 1984 and co-described the amphibian species Chirixalus cherrapunjiae 1966 with Kripalani HONORS Roonwalitermes Bose 1997 (Isoptera)
Miguel Ramírez Goyena
Miguel Ramírez Goyena, Nicaraguan scientist (Leon 05 December 1857 – Managua 23 June 1927) He is most known as a botanist DESCRIBED PLANT TAXA Genera Perenideboles 1911 (Acanthaceae) Pochota 1909 (Bombacaceae) Species Acacia glutea 1909 Asclepias plumierifolia 1911 Bixa upatensis 1909 Boldoa ovatifolia 1911 Capparis zelayana 1909 Cassia inaequilatera 1909 Chaetogastra dichotoma 1909 Cissus digitinervis 1909 Gaudichaudia chamorrii Gesnera elliptica 1911 Gossypium nicaraguense 1909 Gossypium volubile 1909 Hiraea cycloptera 1909 Jussiaea gomezi 1909 Leucaena blancii 1909 Lorentea castelloniana 1911 Montanoa trilobita 1911 Perenideboles ciliatum 1911 Phytolacca altamiranii 1909 Pochota vulgaris 1909 Reana luxis 1911 Schoenus molle 1911 Schrankia trijuga 1909 Solanum mamosissimum 1911 Spathodea cymosa 1911 Wigandia darii 1911 Varieties More than 15
Miguel C. Rubino
Miguel Rubino Carroccia, Uruguayan veterinarian (Durazno 12 December 1886 – Pando, Canelones 07 May 1945) Son of Italian immigrants Added the letter C to one distinguish from a namesake Authored 54 works DISCOVERIES First demonstrated that premunition was transmissible to sheep Demonstrated that ticks of cattle can inhabit and develop in other species like sheeps and goats Established concentration and time of acaricide baths METHODOLOGY Developed a method for studying Trichinella spiralis larvae in conserved meat Metodo para constatar el estado de vida o muerte de las larvas de triquinas (Trichinella spiralis Owen) enquistadas, en las carnes conservadas. Rev. Minist. Industrias 7:47, 1919 Developed a serological complement fixation reaction for diagnosis of leprosy (Rubino reaction or test) and its improvements Una nueva reacción serologica de la lepra. Rev. Med. Vet. 9(2):28, 1926 Sero-diagnostic de la lepre par l’agglutino-sedimentation des globules de mouton formoles. Ann. Inst. Pasteur XLVII:147, 1931 Les antigenes lipoidiques d’organes dans le serodiagnostic. Nouvel antigene de séro-floculation dans le lepre. Compt. Rend. Seances Soc. Biol. Tome CXVII, 12 juillet 1934 Developed a technique to study and dosing bilirubin in urine With N. Vojevodsky. Sobre una técnica para la investigación y dosificación de la bilirrubina en la orina. Anal. Asoc. Quim. Farm. Uruguay XLV(1):25, 1942
Maximiliano Ruiz Castañeda
Maximiliano Ruiz Castañeda, Mexican biomedical scientist (Acambay, Mexico State 05 December 1896 – Ciudad de Mexico 01 October 1992) With H. Zinsser & H. Mooser identified murine typhus (Rickettsia typhi) in 1930 With C. Carrillo Cardenas. A new approach to treatment of brucellosis. Am. J. Med. Sci. 226(5):504-8, 1953 METHODS/TECHNIQUES Proposed the differential stain for the detection of rickettsiae and chlamydial elementary bodies in tissue samples A new stain for rickettsia bodies. J. Infect. Dis. 47(5):416-7, 1930 With H. Zinsser. Method of obtaining large amounts of Rickettsia prowazeki by x-ray radiation of rats. Exper. Biol. Med. 29(7), 1932 Perfected a vaccine for exanthematic typhus known as Castañeda vaccine (1938) With R. Silva. A rapid bedside diagnostic test in typhus (1940) Developed Ruiz Castañeda medium With R. Tovar & R. Velez. Studies on brucellosis in Mexico. Comparative study of various diagnostic tests and classification of the isolate bacteria. J. Infect. Dis. 70:97-102, 1942 Selective agglutination, a possible substitute for the absorptive test in the classification of Brucella, Salmonella or their antisera (1942) Developed bivalent vaccine for typhus (1944) A serum agglutination technique in slides (1945) Developed Castañeda rapid slide agglutination test for brucellosis A practical method for routine blood culture in brucellosis. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. Med. 64:114-5, 1947 Developed surface fixation method, forerunner of immunoblot Surface fixation. A new method of detecting certain immunological reactions. Proc. Exp. Biol. Med. 73(1):46-9, 1950 Improved apparatus for the isolation of Brucella and Salmonella by hemoculture. Bull. World Health Organ. 14(4):795-6, 1956 With M.A. de los Corvera & J. Olarte. A new medium for the isolation of Brucella and Salmonella by blood culture. Bull. World Health Organ. 14(4):797, 1956 An improved outfit for the isolation of Brucella, Salmonella, etc by blood culture (1957) Rapid method for investigating the concentration of urea in the blood. Rev. Med. Hosp. Gen. 28(5): 369-71, 1965 Simplification of methods for the study of beta hemolytic Streptococcus in faryngeal exudates. Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex. 33(2):481-5, 1976 With Y. Naranjo. Rapid test for diagnosis of syphilis by means of the surface fixation method using as antigens VDRL and Treponema pallidum (strain Nichols). Arch. Invest. Mex. 9(4):559-64, 1978 A simple test for detection of specific and unspecific immunological reactions in cancer. Arch. Invest. Mex. 11(1):83-93, 1980 With A. Lopez Merino & F. Ruiz-Reyes. Rapid test for the diagnosis of onchocercosis. Bol. Med. Hosp. Inf. Mexico 39(4):265-7, 1982 Discovered an autovaccine procedure for allergies Papers in top journals With H. Zinsser. Active and passive immunization in typhus fever. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 20 (1):9-11, 1934 Bivalent typhus vaccine of high immunizing value. Science 96(2491):304, 1942 HONORS Honorary Fellow, American Society of Immunology (1944) Visiting Professor, Tulane University (1945-6) Fellow, New York Academy of Sciences (1955) Medicine & Physiology Nobel Prize nominee (1965) EPONYMY Castañeda bottle for culture of Brucella Ruiz Castañeda biphasic blood culture Zinsser-Ruiz Castañeda method Ruiz Castañeda reaction for typhoid (similar to Huddleson reaction) Ruiz Castañeda reaction for brucellosis Ruiz Castañeda staining for Rickettsiae (1930)
Mauricio Rocha e Silva
Maurício Oscar da Rocha e Silva, Brazilian pharmacologist (Rio de Janeiro 19 September 1910 –São Paulo 19 December 1983) Authored about 300 papers and 7 books Co-authored with J. Garcia Leme & H. Rothschild Chemical Mediators of the acute inflammatory reaction edited by Pergamon Press in 1972 and worldwide used With O.G. Bier noticed that the hemolysis is inhibited by hypertonic concentrations of NaCl (1935) Demonstrated that role of histamine in the permeability of inflammation With O.G. Bier. Histamine as the primary cause of the increased capillary permeability in inflammation (1939) First stated the proteolytic theory of histamine release (1938) Proved the heparin liberation in distinct types of shock With S.O. Andrade & L.B. Teixeira. Coagulation defect in the shocks produced by trypsin peptone and ascaris extracts. Exp. Med. Surg. 4:260, 1946 With E.A. Scroggie, E. Fidlar & L.B. Jaques. Liberation of histamine and heparin by peptone from isolated dog’s liver. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 64:141, 1947 Discovered bradykinin With W.T. Beraldo. Um novo principio autofarmacológico (bradicinina) liberado sob a ação de veneno de cobras e de tripsina. Ciência e Cult. 1:32-5, 1949 With G. Rosenfeld & W.T. Beraldo. Bradykinin, a hypotensive and smooth muscle stimulating factor released from plasma globulin by snake venoms and by trypsin. Am. J. Physiol. 156:261-73, 1949 Obtained the pure form of bradykinin With S.O. Andrade. Purification of bradykinin by ion-exchange chromatography. Biochem. J. 64:701-5, 1956 First report of an epidemics of bovine cattle photosensibilization in the world caused by a plant besides elucidating this disease (Andradina, São Paulo State 1938) Fotossensibilização em bovinos. “A peste das queimadas”, doença produzida pelo Holocalyx glaziovii. Arq. Inst. Biol. (1940) With A.M. Rothschild & I. Vugman established the role of cellular energetic metabolism in histamine release Papers in renowned journals With A.M. Rothschild. Anaphylatoxin, histamine depletion and skin reactions in the rat. Nature 175 (4466):987-8, 1955 With O. Bier & M. Aronson. Histamine release by anaphylatoxin. Nature 168:465-6, 1951 With W.T. Beraldo. Effect of cations upon recovery of the guinea pig gut from inhibition by antihistaminics. Science 108 (2798):162-3, 1948 With S.O. Andrade & R.M. Teixeira. Fibrinolysis in peptone and anaphylatic shock in the dog. Nature 157:801, 1946 With S.O. Andrade. Antagonism between heparin and plasma trypsin. Science 102:670, 1945 METHODS/TECHNIQUES Method of assay of bradykinin upon the guinea pig gut. Acta Physiol. Lat. Am. 2(4):238-50, 1952 Developed an assay using Latin square design for histamine releasing action of anaphylatoxin With A.M. Rothschild. Experimental design for bioassay of a material inducing strong tachyphylactic effect (anaphylatoxin). Br. J. Pharmacol. Chemother. 11(3):252-62, 1956 Concerning the theory of receptors in pharmacology. A rational method of estimation of p Aτ. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. 118:74, 1959 With A. Antonio described perfusion method of rat paw subcutaneous tissue in Med. Exp. 3:371, 1960 Proposed an indirect method for calculating pAx based on the ratios between the slopes of reciprocal dose-effect regressions obtained in presence and absence of the antagonist With C.R. Diniz, I. F. de Carvalho & J. Ryan. A micromethod for the determination of bradykininogen in blood plasma. Nature 192:1194-5, 1961 Developed a technique for detecting histamine in nano-quantities With I. Vugman. Biological determination of histamine in living tissues and body fluids. In: Rocha e Silva, M. (editor). Handbook of experimental pharmacology, vol 18(1), 1966 With H. O. Schild developed the isolated diaphragm of guinea pig technique Modified M. Rose device for myxomicetes rheotropism With A. Dreyfus. Sobre certos aspectos do hygrotropismo das larvas de Megaselia scalaris Loew. Rev. Biol. Hyg. 6(1):36-8, 1935 HONORS Medicine & Physiology Nobel Prize nominee