Luis Roger Lambert
Luis Roger Lambert, French-born Argentine geologist and paleontologist (fl.1943-56) SOME BIBLIOGRAPHY With C.A.S. Piscione. Una hipotesis sobre el origin de potentes espesores del yeso Perfil geologico en el valle superior del rio de los Patos Sur, Provincia de San Juan (1943) Algunas Trigonias del Neuquen. Rev. Museo La Plata Ser. Paleont. 2(14):357-97, 1944 Contribución al conocimiento de la Sierra de Chacai Có (Neuquen). Rev. Soc. Geol. Arg. 1:4, 1945 Geologia de la zona de las cabeceras del rio Catan-Lil (Territorio de Neuquen) 1948 Geologia del Cerro Bola (1948) With C.A. Galli. Observaciones geologicas en la región situada entre Piedra del Aguila y Paso Flores (Neuquén). Rev. Asoc. Geol. Arg. 4, 1950 HONORS Lambertrigonia Leanza 1993 (Fossil Mollusca)
Luis Federico Leloir
Luis Federico Leloir Aguirre, Argentine biochemist (Paris 06 September 1906 – Buenos Aires 02 December 1987) ACHIEVEMENTS Obtained with Juan Mauricio Muñoz, the first free-cell oxidative system (1939) Discovered angiotensin with E. Braun-Menendez, J.C. Fasciolo and J.M. Muñoz (1939), a discovery independent from Page and Helmer With E. Braun-Menendez, J.C. Fasciolo and A. Taquini described enzymatic nature of renin-angiotensin system and its link to arterial hypertension Discovered sugar nucleotides, determined its chemical nature and showed that play a key role in sugar interconversion and polysaccharides synthesis (1948) with R. Caputto, C.E. Cardini and A. Paladini Showed that biosynthesis of sugar and sugar-derivatives compounds are essentially transfer reactions Isolated glucose 1,6 diphosphate known as Leloir ester (1948), uridine diphosphate glucose (UDP) in 1950, uridine diphosphate acetyl glucosamine and guanosine diphosphate mannose (1953) With R. Caputto discovered general synthetic mechanism of disaccharides in yeasts, showing the same mechanism in plants (1950) Demonstrated sucrose synthesis from uridine diphosphate glucose and fructose With C. Cardini established that in plant tissues two reactions can lead to synthesis of sucrose (1953-5) With C. Cardini suggested the involvement of uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine in chitin synthesis (1953) With E. Cabib first demonstrated the participation of UDPG in the biosynthesis of disaccharides in J. Am. Chem. Soc. 75:5445, 1953 Discovered glycogen synthase Synthesized trehalose with Enrico Cabib (1953) and sucrose with Carlos Eugenio Cardini and J. Chiriboga (1955) Showed the enzyme that transfer glucose from UDP-glucose to glycogen (1957) With C.E. Cardini described an alternative mechanism for synthesis of glycogen from UDP-glucose and glycogen synthase (1957) With R. Caputto discovered and determined structure of glucose-1,6 di-phosphate (1958) With Yamaha & Cardini demonstrated that glycosides synthesis via UDPG (1960) With Fekete & Cardini discovered enzymatic system that catalyzes sucrose transformation into starch (1960) With Frydman & Cardini demonstrated that phytoglycogen biosynthesis from ADP-glucose (1965) Identified dolichols (1970) Clarified transfer mechanism from oligosaccharides to proteins, elucidating the role of dolichol in proteins glycosylation Demonstrated the role of polyprenol in glucose metabolism Elucidated primary mechanisms of galactose metabolism (Leloir pathway) and determined what causes galactosemia Discovered the central role of uridine diphosphate derivatives in the interconversion of galactose and glucose Discovered the function of glycolipids as precursors of glycoproteins Clarified the mechanism of biosynthesis of glycoproteins (1970s) Established the basis of the pathway leading to the synthesis of glycoproteins in eukaryotic cells and also provided the first evidence indicating that the protein-linked oligosaccharides (glycoproteins) was processed METHODS With J.L. Reissig & J.L. Strominger. A modified colorimetric method for the estimation of N-acetyl amino sugars. J. Biol. Chem. 217(2):959-66, 1955 With E. Cabib & H.G. Pontis. An improved method for the isolation of some nucleoside diphosphate sugar from yeast. Biochem. Biophys. (1957) With Cabib and Cardini suggested the use of sodium chloride in dilute hydrochloric acid for eluting nucleotides from a column of ion-exchange resin and introduced the technique of purifying nucleotides with Norite Papers in top journals With J.M. Muñoz, J.C. Fasciolo & A.C. Taquini. Hypertensin: the substance causing renal hypertension. Nature 144:980, 1939 With J.C. Fasciolo, J.M. Muñoz & E. Baun Menendez. On the specificity of renin. Science 92 (2398):554-5, 1940 With E.B. Menendez, J.C. Fasciolo, B.A. Houssay, J.M. Muñoz & A.C. Taquini. Angiotonin or hypertensin. Science 98(2553):495, 1953 With M.A. Rongine de Fekete & C.E. Cardini. Mechanism of starch biosynthesis. Nature 187:918-9, 1960 With J. Mordoh & C.R. Krisman. In vitro synthesis of particulate glycogen. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 53:86-91, 1965 With N.H. Behrens. Dolichol monophosphate glucose: an intermediate in glucose transfer in liver. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 66(1):153-9, 1970 Two decades of research on biosynthesis of saccharides. Science 172(3990):1299-1303, 1971 With N.H. Behrens & A.J. Parodi. Glucose transfer from doliochol monophosphate glucose: the product formed with endogenous microsomal acceptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 68(1):2857-60, 1971 With A.J. Parodi, N.H. Behrens & H. Carminatti. The role of polyprenol-bound saccharides as intermediates in glycoprotein synthesis in liver. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 69(11):3268-72, 1972 With N.H. Behrens, H. Carminatti, R.J. Staneloni & A.I. Cantarella. Formation of lipid-bound oligosaccharides containing mannose. Their role in glycoprotein synthesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 70(12):3390-4, 1973 With R.J. Staneloni. Oligosaccharides containing glucose and mannose in glycoproteins of the thyroid gland. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75(3):1162-6, 1978 EPONYMY Leloir ester (glucose 1,6diphosphate) Leloir pathway or Leloir cycle or Leloir-Cardini cycle (galactose metabolism) Leloir enzymes (known as glycosyltransferases) Leloir reaction (between glucose 1,6 diphosphate and mannose 1 phosphate) Leloir-Cardini enzyme (UDP glucose glycogen transglucoxylase) Leloir method for extraction of glycogen from liver by mercuric chloride Leloir-Goldemberg method for determining enzymatic activity (with Sara H. Goldemberg) Leloir-Trucco method for measuring kynase activity Paladini-Leloir solvent HONORS Chemistry Nobel Prize (1970) Gairdner Award (1966) Louise Gross Horwitz Prize (1967) Asteroid 2548 Leloir
Luis de la Fuente
Luis Mansueto de la Fuente Carrizo, Argentine cardiologist (La Rioja 29 July 1932 – Authored over 400 scientific works CONCEPTS Proposed the cardiac catheterism in acute myocardial infarction or invasive coronariography (1970) Showed the permeability of by-pass (1971) Proposed the coronary sinus acting as a fifth heart cavity (2002) With A. Barceló & S.H. Stertzer. Anatomic and histologic review of the coronary sinus. Int. J. Morphol. 22(4):331-8, 2004 With S. Stertzer named biointerventionist cardiology ACHIEVEMENTS With J.H.K. Vogel & L.D. Craddock. Una tecnica simple para detectar cortocircuitos arteriovenosos intracardíacos y para identificar las ondas P del eletrocardiogramas en las arritmias complexas. Rev. Arg. Cardiol. 31(7), 1964 Called attention to the standing-flexion position for auscultation of the heart With A. Ravin & L.D. Craddock. The standing-flexion position for auscultation of the heart. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 192:60-1, 1965 With Dick Sanders performed the third partial angioplasty in the world (1965) Classified angiographically the myocardial postinfarction angina Performed the first angioplasty with drug-delivery stent published in Journal of Invasive Cardiology (1999) With Y. Honda, E. Grube, P.G. Yock, S.H. Stertzer & P.J. Fitzgerald. Novel drug-delivery stent: intravascular ultrasound observations from the first human experience with the QP2-eluting polymer stent system. Circulation 104:380-3, 2001 With Julio Argentieri performed the first stem cells myocardial implantation by transendocardiac approach (2004) With Sergio Garrido and US bioengineer Todd McAllister first to implant neoartery or artificial artery (2005). Published in the New England Journal of Medicine and The Lancet DEVICES With US cardiologist Abe Ravin developed a device that simulates the heart sounds and murmurs (1965) Introduced improvements in stents (1986) With Hugo Londero designed a catheter for carotid Designed another catheter for cardiac left auricle HONOURS Medicine and Physiology Nobel Prize nominee (2005)
Lucien Lison
Lucien Alphonse Joseph Lison, Belgian / Brazilian histochemist (Trazegnies, Hainaut Province 13 March 1907 – 1979) ACHIEVEMENTS With J. Pasteels demonstrated the occurrence of DNA synthesis after mitosis and developed a new histophotometer (1950) Established histochemistry as autonomous discipline distinguishing between simple staining techniques and cytochemical ones (1936) Performed studies on enzymatic histochemistry and described a series of new methods for locating substances in tissue cuts With A.R. Cruz. Constance de la relation de croissance nucleocytoplasmique dans certains neurones pendant le development. C.R. Acad. Sci. 245:1838, 1959 Lison stain Alcian blue 8G with chlorantine fast red 5B. A technique for selective staining of mucopolysaccharides. Stain Technology 29:131-8, 1954 A method for graphical reconstruction Une method nouvelle de reconstruction graphique perspective. Bull. d’ Histol. Appl. 13:357, 1936 With J.F.C. Boodts. A new computerized method for the determination of the thermodynamic dissociation constant from experimental data. Z. Phys. Chemie 1972 Coined the term petrodentine (1941) EPONYMY Lison-Dunn stain for demonstrating hemoglobin peroxidase Steedman-Lison stain Lison method for polysaccharide sulfate compounds (1935) Lison method of zinc-leucos reaction Appel-Lison method Lison technique for glycogen Ehrlich-Lison reaction Lison reaction for acid phosphatase Lison method of metachromatic staining Lison method for ceroid Lison-Dagnelie method Lison-Pinheiro reaction for indol (1960) Lison reagent (for peroxidases)
Lleras Codazzi family
Ricardo Lleras Codazzi, Colombian geologist and mineralogist (Bogotá 20 February 1869 – Girardot, Cundinamarca Department 18 January 1940) Discovered and described viterbite, a mixture of allophane and wavellite Held an invention patent for mining procedures Proposed original concepts and conclusions El puesto del hombre en la naturaleza. Anales Ingen. Bogotá 48(545):200-19, 1940 HONORS Honored in fossil resin named llerasite Laureate, Palmes Academiques de France His brother, Eduardo Lleras Codazzi, chemist and toxicologist (Bogotá 30 January 1885 – Bogotá 28 August 1960) Modified the method for detecting morphine in dead bodies Developed a Soxhlet-like extraction device Invented electric muffle furnaces
Lin-gun Liu
Lin-gun Liu, Taiwanese geoscientist (1942 – Found that silicate perovskite could form from all the major upper-mantle materials such as olivine, pyroxene and garnet Silicate perovskite from phase transformation of pyrope-garnet at high pressure and temperature. Geophys. Res. Lett. 1:277-80, 1974 Saw that silicate perovskite comprises most of the mantle from the transition zone downwards With A.E. Ringwood found that phase C could hold water First synthesized phase D Phase transformations in serpentine at high pressure and temperatures and implications for subducting lithosphere. Phys. Earth Planet. Interiors 42:255-62, 1986 SYNTHESIZED NEW PHASES/MODIFICATIONS New silicate perovskites. Geophys. Res. Lett. 14:1077-82, 1987 A new high pressure phase of Ca2Al2SiO4 and implications for the Earth’s interior. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 40:401-6, 1978 A fluorite isotype of SnO and a new modification of TiO: implications for the Earth’s lower mantle. Science 199:422-4, 1978 With W.A. Bassett & J. Sharry. New high pressure modifications of GeO2 and SiO2. J. Geophys. Res. 83:2301-5, 1978 High pressure NaAlSiO. The first silicate calcium ferrite isotope. Geophys. Res. Lett. 4:183-6, 1977 Synthesis of a new high pressure phase of manganese dioxide. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 29:104-6, 1976 With A.E. Ringwood. Synthesis of a perovskite-type polymorph of CaSiO3. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 28:209-11, 1975 Synthesis of a new high-pressure phase of tin dioxide and some geophysical implications. Phys. Earth Planet. Interiors 9:338-43, 1974 SOME BIBLIOGRAPHY An alternative interpretation of lower mantle materials mineral associations in diamonds (2002) The causes of the major seismic discontinuities in the transition zone of the Earth’s mantle (1995) With H. Kao. A hypothesis for the seismogenesis of double seismic zone (1995) With L. Wu. Bulk modulus and equation of state. Phys. Earth Planet. Interiors 70(1-2):78-84, 1992 Effects of H20 on the phase behaviour (1987) Structural considerations in high-pressure phase transformations of simple crystals. High Temp. High Pressures 13:387-8, 1981 High pressure phase transformations in baddeleyite and zircon. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 44:390-6, 1980 The mineralogy of an eclogitic earth mantle. Phys. Earth Planet. Interiors 23:262-7, 1980 On the 650 km seismic continuity. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 42:2028, 1979 High pressure Ca2SiO4, the silicate K2NIF – isotype with crystalchemical and geophysical implications. Phys. Chem. Miner. 3(3):291-9, 1978 High pressure phase transformations of albite, jadeite and nepheline. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 37:438-44, 1978 The post-spinel phase of forsterite. Nature 262:770-2, 1976 The high pressure phases of MgSiO3. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 31:200-8, 1976 Post-oxide phases of olivine and pyroxene and mineralogy of the mantle. Nature 258:510-2, 1976 Post-oxide phases of olivine and pyroxene and mineralogy of the mantle. Nature 258:510-2, 1975 With T. Takahashi & W.A. Bassett. Isothermal compressions of a spinel phase of Co2SiO4 and magnesian ilmenite. J. Geophys. Res. (1974) A dense modification of BaO and its crystal structure. J. appl. Phys. 42:3702-4, 1971 HONORS Lingunite Gillet, Chen, Dubrovinsky & El Goresy 2000 (Mineral)