Nelson Vaz
Nelson Monteiro Vaz, Brazilian immunologist and science philosopher (Niterói, Rio de Janeiro State 28 September 1936 – Regarded as a world pioneer in tolerance induction Proposed the molecular structure of antigen-antibody complexes involved in mast cells degranulation (1970) With B.B. Levine & H. Chang. The production of hapten-specific reaginic antibodies in the guinea pig. J. Immunol. 106:29-35, 1971 Advanced the study of oral tolerance for his original contributions to mucosae immunology (1970s) Devised a method of inducing prolonged intense IgE responses in mice With B. Levine. Effect of combinations of inbred strain, antigen and antigen dose on immune responsiveness and reagin production in the mouse. A potential mouse model for immunity aspects of human atopic allergy. Intern. Arch. Allergy Appl.Immunol. 39(2-3):156-71, 1970 Characterized the MHC-related autosomic dominant genes involved in recognition of immunogenicity First to show the MHC involvement in the reactivity to heterologous proteins With B.B. Levine. Immune responsiveness of mice to low doses of antigen. Relationship to histocompatibility (H-2) type. Science 168:852-6, 1970 With E.M. Vaz & B.B. Levine. Relationship H2 genotype and immune responsiveness to low doses of ovalbumin in the mouse. J. Immunol. 104:1572-8, 1970 With E.M. Vaz & B.B. Levine. Persistent formation of reagin in mine injected with low doses of ovalbumin. Immunol. 21:11-6, 1971 Proposed the relationship between IgE synthesis and oligoclonal expansions of T cells (first in 1974; revised later) Showed that the tolerance induced orally is a carrier-specific T-cell effect With L.C. Maia, D. Hanson & J. Lynch. Inhibition of homocytotropic antibody responses in adult inbred mice by previous feeding of the specific feeding of the specific antigen. J. All. Clin. Immunol. 60(2):110-5, 1977 Studied the bystander suppression phenomenon (1981) 10 years before the term was coined With L.C.S. Maia & D.G. Hanson. Cross-suppression of specific imune responses after oral tolerance. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz. 76:83-91, 1981 Obtained the first evidences which brain is influenced by allergic reactions and vice-versa (1990s) With J.S. Menezes, M. Russo, A.M.C. Faria et al. showed that exposure to food proteins after weaning has a physiological role in the maturation of immune system both locally and systematically (2003) With G.C. Ramos, C.M. Rodrigues, G.M. Azevedo et al. demonstrated that inhibitory effects of parenteral injection of tlerated antigens are much more general than suggested (2003) With J.S. Menezes, M.C. Andrade, B. Senra et al. demonstrated the role of elemental diets in modulating immunological activities in mice (2006) With H. Maturana & F. Varela reformulated the international scientific thinking in this field With F. Varela. Self and non-sense: an organism-centered approach to immunology. Med. Hypoth. 4(3):231-67, 1978 Enunciated a theory about diseases based on operating mode of own organism Papers in top journals With B.B. Levine. Immune responsiveness of mice to low doses of antigen. Relationship to histocompatibility (H-2) type. Science 168:852-6, 1970 With Z. Ovary, T.W. Vries, C. Szalay & C.A. Iritani. Independent segregation of the H-2 locus and the locus for responsiveness to histamine sensitizing fator. Proceed. Natl. Acad. Sciences USA 70:2500-4, 1973 Papers with more than 100 citations With J. Mengel, F. Cardillo, L. Aroeira, O. Williams & M. Russo. Anti γδ T cell antibody blocks the induction and maintenance of oral tolerance to ovalbumin in mice. Immunol. Lett. 48(2): 97-102, 1995 With L.K. Richman, J. Chiller, W. Brown & D. Hanson. Enterically induced immunologic tolerance. I. Induction of suppressive T lymphocytes by intragastric administration of soluble problems. J. Immunol. 121(6):2429-34, 1978 With F. Varela. Self and non-sense: an organism-centered approach to immunology. Med. Hypoth. 4(3):231-67, 1978 With L.C. Maia, D. Hanson & J. Lynch. Inhibition of homocytotropic antibody responses in adult inbred mice by previous feeding of the specific feeding of the specific antigen. J. All. Clin. Immunol. 60(2):110-5, 1977 With B. Levine. Effect of combinations of inbred strain, antigen and antigen dose on immune responsiveness ande reagin production in the mouse. A potential mouse model for immunity aspects of human atopic allergy. Intern. Arch. Allergy Appl.Immunol. 39(2-3):156-71, 1970 With I. Mota, W. Dias da Silva and O.G. Bier, published Imunologia Básica e Aplicada (Fundamentals of Immunology), translated into English and German (1973) Patents With A.M.C. de Faria & J.S. Menezes. Complemento dietético de aminoácidos, processo para tratamento e prevenção de doenças e processo de administração de um complemento dietético de aminoácidos PI0004436-9 A2 (2000)
Nelly Vittet
Nelly Elsa Vittet, Argentine botanist (La Plata, Buenos Aires Province 07 May 1927 – La Plata, Buenos Aires Province 1995) DESCRIBED VALID TAXA (with A.L. Cabrera) Austroeupatorium rosmarinaceum 1963 Campuloclinium hickenii 1954 Eupatorium polystachium var. subcordatum 1963 Stevia carapariensis 1954 HONORS Vittetia King & Robinson 1974 (Asteraceae)
Mysore Ananthamurthy Viswamitra
Mysore Ananthamurthy Viswamitra, Indian crystallographer and structural biologist (Shimoga, Karnakata 14 November 1932 – Bangalore 10 April 2001) Discovered sequence dependent fine structure in DNA segments in single crystals First to determine the structure of many mononucleotides With O. Kennard solved the first oligonucleotide dp(AT)2 structure, giving the first view of a DNA duplex in atomic detail Solved the structures of two important xylanases from thermophilic organisms Designed low temperature equipment for structure analysis of substances
Miguel Angel Virasoro
Miguel Angel Virasoro Regnasco, Argentine theoretical physicist (Buenos Aires 09 May 1940 – Buenos Aires 23 July 2021) ACHIEVEMENTS With R. Baviera. A method that reveals the multi-level ultrametric tree hidden in p-spin glass like systems. J. Statis. Mech. Theory Exper. (2015) With M. Campellone & G. Parisi introduced a method to calculate the finite volume corrections to the mean Field results for the free energy when replica symmetry is broken at one step in J. Statis. Phys (2009) With S. Franz showed that the relaxation of “thermo-remnant magnetization” follows a generalized version of the Onsager regression postulate of induced fluctuations in J. Phys. A Gen. Phys (2000) With M. Mezard & G. Parisi. SK Model: the Replica Solution without replicas. Europhys. Lett. (1986) With G. Parisi, M. Mezard, N.Sourlas & G. Toulouse discovered the ultrametric organization of low temperature spin glass states in infinite dimensions (1984) Variational principle for two-dimensional incompression hydrodynamics and quasigeostrophic flows. Phys. Rev. Letters (1981) With F. Gliozzi & T. Regge showed that gauge fields can be seen as phonon excitations in a condensate of dual strings in Phys. Letters B (1979) Simple dual-resonance model for inclusive reactions. Phys. Review (1971) With K. Kikkawa, S.A. Klein & B. Sakita presented a general formulation of duality theory including nonplanar Feynman-like diagrams (1970) Discovered finite dimension algebras that bears his name (1969) Generalization of Veneziano’s formula for the five-point function. Phys. Rev. Letters (1969) With D. Amati, R. Iengo, H.R. Rubinstein et al established a “scale-law” for different form factors and the dependence on the spin of the hadron (1968) EPONYMY Virasoro modes Virasoro operators Virasoro restrictions Virasoro groups Virasoro actions Virasoro conditions Virasoro relations Virasoro minimal model Shapiro-Virasoro model Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude (1969) Virasoro vertex operator algebra Virasoro conjecture Virasoro conformal block
Marthanda Varma Sankaran Valiathan
Marthanda Varma Sankaran Valiathan, Indian cardiac surgeon (Mavelikkara, Travancore today Kerala State 24 May 1934 – Manipal, Karnataka State 17 July 2024) Authored over 100 scientific papers, several book chapters and 3 books Reported the first case in literature in which the diagnosis was made during life and successful correction was carried out With S.K. Nair, R. Subramanyan & C. Venkitachalan. Right aortic arch with isolation of the left subclavian artery and bilateral patent ductus arteriosus. A case report. J. Cardiovasc. Surg. 33(2):242-4, 1992 Papers in top journals With J.B. Lalonde & W.F. Ballinger II. Hepatic regulation of sodium and water in ascites. JAMA 187:117-8, 1964 Endomyocardial Established the geochemical cause of endomyocardial fibrosis, i.e., cerium replaces magnesium in cardiac muscle due to deficiency of this element in poor children With C.C. Kartha, J.T. Eapen, H.S. Dang & C.M. Sunta. A geochemical basis for endomyocardial fibrosis. Cardiovasc. Res. 23(7):647-8, 1989 With C.C. Kartha. Endomyocardial fibrosis – the possible connexion with myocardial levels of magnesium and cerium. Int. J. Cardiol. 28(1):1-5, 1990 With C. Kartha, R. Nair, K. Shivakumar & J.T. Eapen. Geochemical basis of tropical endomyocardial fibrosis. Curr. Sci. (1994) With Vincent Gott discovered the thrombo-resistant property of surfaces coated sequentially with graphite, benzalkonium chloride and heparin (GBH) DEVELOPED TECHNIQUES AND MEDICAL DEVICES Chitra variflo oxygenator With R. Sankarkumar, G.S. Bhuvaneshwar, R. Magotra, S. Muralidharan, R.S. Rajan et al. Chitra heart valve – results of a multicenter clinical study. J. Heart Valve Dis. 10(5):619-27, 2001 With G. Bhuvaneshwar, C.V. Muraleedharan, G.A. Vijayan & R.S. Kumar. Development of the Chitra tilting disc heart valve prosthesis. J. Heart Valve Dis. 5(4):448-58, 1996 (Chitra-TTK valve, a mechanical valve with a tilting disc design) With J. Chanda, S.B. Rao, M. Mohanty, C.V.Muraleedharan, V. Arthur & G. Bhuvaneshwar. Use of glutaraldehyde-gentamicin treated bovine pericardium as a wound dressing. Biomaterials 15(1):68-70, 1994 With J. Chanda, S.B. Rao, M. Mohanty, A. Lal, C.V. Muraleedharan & G.S. Bhuvaneshwar. Prevention of calcification of tissue valves. Artif. Organs 18(10):752-7, 1994 (A method of chemical treatment to prevent the calcification of bioprosthetic heart valves) With M. Unnikrishnan & J.T. Tolia. Postoperative ductal aneurysm. A technique for repair. J. Cardiovasc. Surg. 29(4):406-7, 1988 With G. Lal, B. Chandran & G. Bhuvaneshwar. A porcine-model for heart-lung by-pass (1984) With G.S. Bhuvaneshwar, V.S. Venkatesan, V.L. Pattankar, C.C. Kartha & A. Lal. Development of textile fabrics for surgical application. Ind. J. Med. Res. 74:580-5, 1981 With S. Topaz, M. Ameli, S.S. Morovati, B.G. Brown & V. Gott. Construction of a rigid case, double ventricle artificial heart (1967) Interventions to reduce the severity of tropical endomyocardial fibrosis The first biomaterial to be made with wall-bonded heparin for clinical applications A series of disposable devices such as hydrocephalus shunt, blood bag, oxygenator, cardiotomy reservoirs, vascular graft and a GBH-coated shunt for resecting aneurysms of the thoracic aorta A technique for thoracic aortic bypass using a graphite, benzalkonium chloride and heparin coated shunt HONOURS Samuel P. Asper International Award, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine (2009)
Martha Vannucci
Martha Ana Maria Vannucci, Italian-born Brazilian marine biologist (Firenze 10 May 1921 – São Paulo 15 January 2021) From Italian, English and French descent Regarded as one of world’s foremost expert on mangroves ecology Authored over 100 works She was honorary advisor da International Society of Mangrove Ecosystems and senior expert in marine sciences of UNESCO (1969-89) DESCRIBED VALID NEW SPECIES Cnidaria Calycella gabriellae 1951 Halopteris billardi 1951 Laodicea minuscula 1957 Octophialucium haeckeli 1966 with Soares Moreira Orthopyxis billardi 1954 Stauridiosarsia reesi 1956 Vallentinia gabriellae 1948 Cestoda Otobothrium dinoi 1944 Nybelinia lingualis paucispinosa 1944 HONORS Vannuccia Marcus 1948 (Turbellaria)