Ameghino brothers
Florentino Ameghino, Argentine paleontologist (Luján, Buenos Aires Province 18 September 1854 – La Plata 06 August 1911) Son of Italian parents. Some say that his name was Juan Bautista Fiorino José Ameghino and that was born in Italy. ACHIEVEMENTS Gained world renown for his studies about Terciarian and Quaternarian mammalia from Argentina Discovered over 6,000 fossil species being most of them new to science (of these 450 were new species of Fossil Mammalia) Created and named 35 suborders of Fossil Mammalia Described 3 orders, 1 suborder, 3 families, 6 genera e 2 subspecies of Living Mammalia Joined to his brother Carlos both described 642 genera of Fossil Mammalia, 41 of Fossil Birds, 7 of Fossil Reptilia, 7 of Fossil Fishes and 1 of Fossil Amphibia. Recognized 90 sedimentary formations Proposed a new system of shorthand, the Ameghino shorthand (1880) Une nouvelle industrie lithique. L’ industrie de la pierre fendue dans le tertiaire de la region littorale au Sud de Mar del Plata (1910) HONORS Ameghinotherium Podestá 1898 (Fossil Mammalia) Ameghinomya Ihering 1907 (Gastropoda) Florentinites Spegazzini 1924 (Fossil Plants) Florentinoameghinia Simpson 1932 (Fossil Mammalia) Ameghinichnus Casamiquela 1961 (Ichnogenus Mammalia) Ameghinornis Mourer-Chauviré 1981 (Fossil Birds) Ameghinoceratodus Apesteguía, Agnolin & Claeson 2007 (Fossil Pisces) Ameghinoite Aristaraín & Hurlbut 1967 (Mineral) Carlos Ciriaco Ameghino, Argentine paleontologist and collector (Luján, Buenos Aires Province 16 June 1865 – Buenos Aires 12 April 1936) ACHIEVEMENTS Discovered 108 new species of Terciarian Mammalia Discovered Phororhacoids birds from Argentine (1887) HONORS Ameghiniella Spegazzini 1888 (Fungi) Ameghinoa Spegazzini 1897 (Asteraceae) Caroloameghinia Ameghino 1901 (Fossil Mammalia) Ameghinoites Spegazzini 1924 (Fossil Plantae) Ameghinoceratodus Apesteguía, Agnolin & Claeson 2007 (Fossil Pisces) Carolites Spegazzini 1924 (Fossil Plantae) Ameghinoite Aristaraín & Hurlbut 1967 (Mineral)
Alvaro Osorio de Almeida
Alvaro Osorio (Ozorio) de Almeida, Brazilian physiologist (Porto Alegre 06 November 1882 – Rio de Janeiro 06 May 1952) Brother of physiologist Miguel Osorio de Almeida ACHIEVEMENTS Created a phenolphthalein relative, the nephthol-β and developed a new treatment method for ancylostomiasis employing it Invented ureterovenous anastomosis (1927) Established the oxygen tolerance range under pressure in little mammals Demonstrated that radiations produce pathological changes in tissues through free radicals formation Recherches sur l’action toxique des hautes pressions d’oxygene. Comp. Rend. Mem. Soc. Biol. 115:1225-7, 1934 Developed a technique for central nervous system destruction employing injection of hypertonic solutions of sodium chloride into cisterna magna under pressure (1923) Created cineradiotherapy (1937) and other roentgen therapy techniques Regarded as world pioneer on hyperbaric hyperoxia related to leprosy and gaseous gangrene treatment (1937-8) Discovered that basal metabolism depends on usual metabolism Discovered that basal metabolism of a person with moderate physical activity decreases gradually when one moves from a temperate climate to a tropical climate without change (his/her) life mode (it no occur in active people) Suggested that metabolic rate was proportional to the normal average metabolism, depending on the individual lifestyle, the climate where one lives and the skin surface Developed a new method for determination of calorimeters constants (1917) Developed a new technique for studying equilibrium between water, organic salts and organic compounds in animals (1928) A new process for determination of projection velocity of nervous influx by hearing (1924) Performed original studies on cellular oxidations With Gley studied endocrine organs of many Brazilian rodents and marsupial mammals (1923) Demonstrated the influence of cutaneous reflexes upon metabolism (1926) With O.B. de Couto e Silva & E. Roquette Pinto. Sobre um novo veneno sagitário dos índios Purus-Borós. Anais Acad. Bras. Ciencias (1926) Authored a number of studies about temperature and metabolism of weasel, armadillo and bat Developed a process for obtaining and storing solar energy (1927) DID YOU KNOW? Famous French scientists like Gley, Lapicque, Pieron, Laugier, Hadamard, Langevin, Marie and Irine Curie beyond Albert Einstein visited his laboratory LINKS http://www.dichistoriasaude.coc.fiocruz.br/iah/pt/verbetes/almalvoz.htm (in Portuguese; bibliography)
Alvaro Alvim
Alvaro Freire de Villalba Alvim, Brazilian radiologist (Vassouras, Rio de Janeiro State 16 April 1863 – Rio de Janeiro 21 May 1928) ACHIEVEMENTS Obtained the first radiography of xiphopagus in the world (1897) permitting Chapot-Prevost perform his operation. Invented leaded paper His father, Carlos Freire de Villalba Alvim, Brazilian Army officer (Rio de Janeiro State 1833 – Rio de Janeiro 22 October 1909) From Uruguayan father BRAZILIAN PATENTS (with Jorge Alberto Vinchon) Açougues volantes, systema Villalba nº876 (1890) Carroças, systema Villalba, destinadas a transporte de lixo (1890) Novo systema de tilburys para duas pessoas denominado Tilburys Federaes nº 939 (1890) Novo systema de carroça para transportar móveis, bagagens etc. nº 945 (1891) Novo systema de carroças denominadas Armazéns Ambulantes Villalba nº 953 (1891) Novo systema de breaks denominado Breaks Villalba nº 1045 (1891) Novo systema de carros-salões e de ambulâncias, servindo também para pessoas idosas e inválidas denominado Systema Villalba nº 1121 (1892)
Ali Al-Rawi
Ali Al-Rawi, Iraqi botanist (fl. 1955 – 1987) HONORS Alrawia Perss & Wendebo (Asparagaceae) SOME BIBLIOGRAPHY With H.S. Daoud. Flora of Kuwait. Vol 1 (1985) Flora of Kuwait. Vol 2 (1987) With H.L. Chaakravarty. Medicinal Plants of Iraq. Bulletin n. 146, Ministry of Agriculture and Technology, Baghdad. 1964 Wild Plants of Iraq with their distribution. Government Press, Baghdad, 1964. Poisonous plants of Iraq. Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Iraq. Government Press. Baghdad, 1966. With A.A. Al-Salih. A study of the cytology of two female cultivars of date palm. Date Palm Journal 5:123-142, 1987.
Ali Al-Rawi
Ali Al-Rawi, Iraqi botanist (fl. 1955 – 1987) HONORS Alrawia Perss & Wendebo (Asparagaceae) SOME BIBLIOGRAPHY With H.S. Daoud. Flora of Kuwait. Vol 1 (1985) Flora of Kuwait. Vol 2 (1987) With H.L. Chaakravarty. Medicinal Plants of Iraq. Bulletin n. 146, Ministry of Agriculture and Technology, Baghdad. 1964 Wild Plants of Iraq with their distribution. Government Press, Baghdad, 1964. Poisonous plants of Iraq. Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Iraq. Government Press. Baghdad, 1966. With A.A. Al-Salih. A study of the cytology of two female cultivars of date palm. Date Palm Journal 5:123-142, 1987.
Alfonso Roque Albanese
3 (Lamina duodeno-mesentero-mesocólica derecha described in 1959 Proposed the concept of axillo-ganglionic vertices (1975) Reported the first cases in the world in Tetralogia de Fallot y dextrocardia (1948) Reported the first case in literature of congenital cardiopathy with surgical solution employing preserved artery Cirugia de las cardiopatias congenitas. 215 operados (1952) TECHNIQUES/METHODS A technique for supraumbilical median incisional hernias Eventración mediana xifoumbilical gigante: metodo para su tratamiento. Rev. Asoc. Med. Arg. 65:376, 1951 Albanese operation (escoplage and tuboescoplage) Escoplage: a new surgical technique for treatment of venous disorders Created cervico-mediastinal biopsy method Developed original methods for dissection and presentation of anatomical elements Developed aorta coarctation surgery (1939) Technic of dissection of perineum Albanese technique for splanchnic and celiac plexus block Developed modified Halsted radical mastectomy (1942) Approach technique for sympathetic nervous system using infradiaphragmatic via (1947) Lumbar sympathicectomy with local anesthesia (1955) Described distant muscle debulking incisions for the treatment of large post-surgical abdominal hernia Eventración mediana xifoumbilical gigante. Metodo para su tratamiento. Rev. AMA 15:376-8, 1951 Tecnica y tactica personal de la tiroidectomia subtotal, de la lobectomia y la tiroidectomia total. Bol. Trab. Soc. Arg. Cir. 28 La movilización duodeno-pancreatica en la cirurgia gastro-duodenal. Importancia de La lámina duodeno-retro mesocolónica derecha. Arch. Argent. Enf. Apar. Digest. 35(1):17-20, 1960 With R. Finochietto proposed axillary evacuation in breast cancer surgery (1938) With R. Finocchietto. La lumbotomia vertical paravertebral. Prensa Med. Arg. 27(5):243, 1940 With R. Finocchietto. Suprarrenalectomia. Tecnica. Prensa Med. Arg.37:1915-8, New instrument of varicose vein surgery. J. Cardiovasc. Surg.