Jnanendra Nath Mukherjee, Indian chemist (Mahavdepur, Rajshahi District, today Bangladesh 23 April 1893 – 10 May 1983)

Internationally respected as a colloid chemist

Enunciated theory of the electro kinetic double layer and its ionic constitution (1919)

Performed important studies on soil colloids recognized in Europe

Developed and improved tools and techniques for studies of soil colloids

With N.C. Sen Gupta developed a simple rotary viscometer for the study of anomalous viscous properties (1942)

DEVELOPED METHODS

Developed technique for conductometric and electrometric titration of acid-sols 

Boundary method for determination of the cataphoretic speed of colloidal particles

Sources of error in the measurement of the electrical charge of colloidal particles by the method of moving boundaries: an improved method based on a direct measurement of the potential gradient across the boundary. Proc. Roy. Soc. 103:102, 1928

With N.C. Sen Gupta. The velocity gradient method for the measurement of viscous properties of non-netonian liquids. Ind. J. Physics 16:49-53, 1941

With N.C. Sen Gupta. Methods of measuring yield value, viscosity and thixotropy. Ind. J. Physics 16:54-65, 1941

With M.K. Indra. A method of differentiation of crude oils based on chromatography capillary analysis and fluorescence in UV light. Nature 154:734-5, 1944

Papers in Nature

Theory of soil acidity. Nature 110:739, 1922

The interaction between silica and electrolytes in relation to theories of soil acidity. Nature 115:157-8, 1925

With S.P. Raychaudhury. Critical potential in coagulation of colloids by electrolytes. Nature 122:608, 1928

With S.P. Raychaudhuri. Hydrolytic absorption by activated charcoal. Nature 128:412, 1931

With N.C. Sengupta. Formation of aggregates and structures in dilute solutions of hydrogen bentonites. Nature 145:1971, 1940

With R.P. Mitra. Differentiation of hydrogen clays and identification of their mineral constituents by electrochemical and viscous methods. Nature 154:824, 1944

With S.K. Mukherjee. Effect of hydrogen ion concentration on cation exchange in clay salts. Nature 155(3924):49, 1945

With B. Chatterjee. Electrochemical properties of silicic acid soil. Nature 155:85, 1953

SOME BIBLIOGRAPHY

The origin of the charge on a colloidal particle and its neutralization by electrolysis. Trans. Faraday Soc. 16:103-15, 1921

The adsorption of ions. Phil. Mag. 44:322, 1922

On the nature of the reactions responsible for soil acidity. Part I. On the titration curve of acid clay. Indian J. Agric. Sc. 1:189-203, 1931

Electrical properties of colloids. Part I. Explanation of activity and conductivity measurements in colloidal solutions. Kolloid Z. 62:257-68, 1933

With N.C. Sen Gupta. The viscous and electro-chemical properties of constituents of oil-well drilling muds. Sci. Cult. 6:368, 1940

With B. Chatterjee & P.C. Gaswanni. Limiting exchange of aluminum ions from hydrogen clays on the addition of neutral salts. J. Ind. Chem. Soc. 19:40-407, 1942

With R.P. Mitra. Electrochemical properties of clay minerals. Jour. Phys. Chem. 47:543-9, 1943

With N.C. Sen Gupta & M.K. Indra. Effect of concentration and pH on the viscous and electrochemical properties of hydrogen bentonites. J. Phys. Chem. 47(8):553-77, 1943

With R.P. Mitra. Some aspects of the electrochemistry of clays. J. Colloid Sci. 1(2):141-59, 1946

With B. Chatterjee & B.M. Banerjee. Liberation of hydrogen aluminum and ferric ions from hydrogen clays by neutral salts. Jour. Colloid Sci. 2:247-56, 1947

With B. Chatterjee & A. Ray. Liberation of H⁺, Al⁺⁺ and Fe⁺⁺⁺ from pure clay minerals repeated salt treatment and desaturation. J. Colloid Sci. 3:437-47, 1948

Trace element deficiency in citrus. Sci. Cult. 15:235-7, 1949

With R.P. Mitra & N.S. Bagchi. The electrochemical properties of H-clays in relation to their mineralogical composition. Indian Soc. Soil Set. Bull. 6:1, 1951