Eladio Dieste
Eladio Dieste Saint Martin, Uruguayan structural engineer and architect (Artigas 10 December 1917 – Montevideo 19 July 2000) Created and developed structural ceramics or reinforced brick Invented two kinds of vault: self-carrying vaults and Gaussian vaults Developed techniques to achieve resistant structures such as pre-stressing of brickwork and moveable formworks Designed and built special machines and devices for construction Developed special details and calculation techniques Enunciated a theorem that relates moments integral along the directrix of vault to moment in each point in Un Nuevo teorema sobre estructuras laminares.
Efrén C. del Pozo
Efrén Carlos del Pozo Rangel, Mexican physiologist and pharmacologist (San Luis, Potosí 11 September 1907 – Ciudad de Mexico 14 May 1979) Authored over 50 papers Discovered that newborn animals don’t display reflex palsy immediately after spinal cord lesions Showed that in the neonate, facilitation only occurs when the pyramidal tract is immature, and its duration depends on the individual degree of encephalization With C. Guzmán, A. Fernandez & J. Negrete. El choque espinal en gatos jóvenes. Bol. Inst. Estud. Med. Biol. Mex. 12(7):169-72, 1954 Described Jump reflex with hypothalamic lesion With C. Guzmán Flores & F. del Pozo. Jump reflex in the hypothalamic cat. J. Neurophysiol. 16(4):376-80, 1953 SOME BIBLIOGRAPHY Pharmacology of venoms of Mexican Centruroides. Rev. Invest. Salud Publica 28(1):51-66, 1968 & Mem. Inst. Butantan 33(2):615-25, 1966 With M. Salas & P. Pacheco. Effects of scorpion venom at neuromuscular junction. Rev. Invest. 33(3):961-4, 1966 Los effectos paralizantes de la “tullidora”, estudios clinicos y experimentales. Gac. Med. Mex. 95(2):179-82, 1965 La botânica medicinal indígena de Mexico. Estudios Cult. Nahuatl. 5:57-73, 1965 With J. Negrete. Effect of adrenalectomy on the contraction of skeletal muscle. Rev. Inst. Salub. Enferm. Trop. 13(2):163-8, 1953 With J. Negrete, J. Ibarra & M. Fernandez. Effects of cortisone on striated muscle contraction. Amer. J. Physiol. 171(2):354-8, 1952 With A. Gonzalez Ochoa. Two cases of prevention and treatment of lepra reaction by cortisone. J. Invest. Dermat. 18:423-4, 1952 With E.G. Pardo & D. García-Tellez. The action of several principles and extracts of the digitalis group on ischemic skeletal muscle. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 101:63-7, 1951 With E.G. Pardo. Ischemic striated muscle as an indicator of the activity of a cardiac glycoside. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 97(2):144-9, 1949 With E.G. Pardo & G. Anguiano. Influence of striated muscle activity on the lethal dose of k-strophanthoside. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 96(1):86-94, 1949 The action of the venom of a Mexican scorpion (Centruroides noxius Hoffmann) on cholinesterases. Brit. J. Pharmac. Chemistry 3(3):219-22, 1948 With L.C. Anguiano. Acciones del veneno de alacrán sobre la atividade motora del musculo estriado. Rev. Inst. Salubridad Enf. Tropicales 8(4):231-63, 1947 With E. Pardo & J. Derbez. Cihuapahtli, an activator of uterine motility (Montanoa tomentosa). Fed. Proc. 5(1-2):79, 1946 Inhibitory responses of pregnant cat’s uterus to epinephrine and hypogastric stimulation. (1946) With L.C. Anguiano. Physiological actions of scorpion venom (1946) Estudios farmacologicos de algunas plantas usadas en la medicina azteca. Boletín Indigenista (1946) With J. Gonzalez & T.H. Mendez. Acciones del veneno de alacrán sobre el aparato respiratorio. Rev. Inst. Salubr. Enferm. Trop. Mex. 6:77-84, 1945 With A. Rosenblueth. The changes of impedance of the turtle’s ventricular muscle during contraction. Amer. J. Physiol. 139:514-9, 1943 With A.A.P. Leão. The effects of hyperventilation and of blood-pressure changes on the self-sustained responses of the cerebral cortex. Amer. J. Physiol. 139:335-42, 1943 With A. Rosenblueth. The centrifugal course of Wallerian degeneration. Amer. J. Physiol. 139:247-54, 1943 With A. Rosenblueth. The electric responses of the tail pilomotors and nictitating membrane of the cat. Amer. J. Physiol. 137:263-79, 1942 With A. Rosenblueth. Accommodation in mammalian motor nerves. Amer. J. Physiol. 136:629-46, 1942 Transmission fatigue and contraction fatigue. Amer. J. Physiol. 135:763-71, 1942 El dinitrofenol 1-2-3-estimulante del metabolismo y su aplicación clinica. Thesis, UNAM (1935) With A. Rosenblueth. The effects of veratrine upon the superior cervical ganglion. Amer. J. Physiol. HONOURS Associate Researcher, National Institute for Medical Research, London A bibliography is available in Boletín Estudios Med. Biol. 31:116-26, 1980
Eduardo De Robertis
Eduardo Diego Patricio De Robertis, Argentine cytologist and microscopist (Buenos Aires 11 December 1913 – Buenos Aires 31 May 1988) Son of Italian immigrants ACHIEVEMENTS With P. Rojas & F.A. Saez discovered that most amphibians have no morphologically distinguishable sex chromosomes (1935) Determinated the release mechanism of spermatozoa from amphibian male testicles Showed that gonadotrophin promotes gonadal maturation in toads acting on Sertolli cells (1942) With Angel Pogo discovered follicular thyrocolloid or colloidal vesicles of thyroid gland Demonstrated the existence of an enzymatic mechanism in production and reabsorption of thyroid hormone (1940s) First demonstrated the existence of a thyroid protease With R. Grasso demonstrated peroxidases in epithelial cells and proposed the benzidine technique for histochemical localization of peroxidase activity (1946) With F.O. Schmit discovered neural tubules or intracellular microtubules (1947) With B. Epstein & M. Reissig described contagious myxomatosis virus of rabbit (1952) With R. Canzani, B. Epstein & G. Gasic described mice transplantable leukemia virus (1955) With Bennett and independently from Palade discovered synaptic vesicles in nerve terminals (1954) and named them With Bennett associated synaptic vesicles to quantal acetylcholine and catecholamine release Demonstrated synthesis and release mechanisms in synaptic vesicles Identified pre- and post synaptic receptors Identified the connective ciliary nature between the outer and inner segments of photoreceptors (1956) With Lasansky first visualized protein-lipid bilayers in retinal photoreceptors and myelin-sheath membranes (1959) First described exocytosis mechanism in adrenal and the ontogenesis of photoreceptors Showed ultrastructure and physiological role of synaptic vesicles (1967) With F. Wald & H. Gerschenfeld discovered the role of glial cells in transmission of neural impulses With Pena, Medina, Novas & Paladini discovered N-butyl-β-carboline-3-carboxylate that binds to cerebral benzodiazepine receptors (1986) Coined term endomembrane system Developed techniques of subcellular fractionation for nervous system studies With G. Rodríguez de Lores & A. Pellegrino de Iraldi developed De Robertis method of differential centrifugation for isolation of synaptic terminals (1962) Assay of thyrotropic hormone in human blood. J. clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 8(11):956-66, 1948 With C.A. Peluffo invented a special chamber to observe the motility of bacteria (1951) With A. Lasansky. Electron microscopy of retinal photoreceptors. The use of chromation following formaldehyde fixation as a complementary technique to osmium tetroxide fixation. J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol. 7:493-8, 1960 With W. Nowinski & F.A. Sáez authored Citologia General or Cell Biology (1946) with many issues Papers in top journals Absorption of the exocrine cells of the pancreas. Nature 157:264, 1946 With W.W. Nowinski. The mechanism of the therapeutic effect of iodine on the thyroid gland. Science 103 (2675):421, 1946 With E. Rodríguez de Lores Arnaiz & A. Pellegrino de Iraldi. Isolation of synaptic vesicles from nerve endings of the rat brain. Nature 194:794-5, 1962 With L. Salganicoff, L.M. Zieher & G. Rodríguez de Lores Arnaiz. Acetylcholine and cholinacetylase content of synaptic vesicles. Science 140(3564):300-1, 1963 Ultrastructure and cytochemistry of the synaptic region. The macromolecular components involved in nerve transmission are being studied. Science 156(3777):907-14, 1967 Molecular biology of synaptic receptors. Science 171(3975):963-71, 1971 With his son Eduardo Miguel De Robertis authored Cell and Molecular Biology (1980) and translated into 9 languages Medicine & Physiology Nobel Prize nominee
Décourt brothers
Luiz Venere Décourt, clinician (Campinas, São Paulo State 07 December 1911 – São Paulo 20 May 2007) Published 324 papers With R.G, Ferri, M. Papaleo Neto, S.D. Giannini, G. Spilborghs & T. Tutiya. Serological tests in diagnosis of rheumatic activity. I. Determination of mucoprotein. Arq. Bras. Cardiol. 8(4):361-78, 1955 With R.G. Ferri, T.J.B. Cardoso & T. Tutiya. Isolamento e eletroforese da mucoproteína do soro humano. Rev. Hosp. Clin. 10:389-94, 1955 Elaborated a methodology to recognize the most acute moment of rheumatic fever With J.L. Faria. J.V. Barbas, T. Fujioka, M.F. Lion & U. Andrade e Silva. Pulmonary schistosomotic arteriovenous fistulas producing a new cyanotic syndrome in Manson’schistosomiasis. Amer. Heart J. 58:556-67, 1959 Developed revascularization technique of right coronary for acute infarction of myocardium With E.J. Zerbini & R. Macruz. Cirurgia de revascularização no enfarte agudo do miocárdio. Arq. Bras. Cardiol. 23:353-68, 1970 With T. Fujioka, R. Macruz et al. The costobronchogenic angle – a new method for the radiologic evaluation of volumetric changes in the left atrium. Arq. Bras. Cardiol. 28(5):523-35, 1975 First experimental demonstration of coronarian flow phenomenological derivation With O.M. Gomes, N.L.T.B. Moraes, A.I. Fiorelli, E. Armelin, D. Bittencourt, F. Pileggi, R. Macruz & E.J. Zerbini. Fenomeno de derivação do fluxo coronário: primeira demonstração experimental. Arq. Bras. Cardiol. 32:141, 1979. Co-authored the biggest series of researches about myocardial muscle bridges and found two types of them (superficial and deep) With A.G. Ferreira Jr., S. Trotter, B. König Jr, K. Fox & E.G. Olsen. Myocardial bridges: morphological and functional aspects. Brit. J. Heart 66:364-7, 1991 His brother, Luciano Venere Décourt, Brazilian endocrinologist (Campinas, São Paulo State 1914 – São Paulo 1975) Authored 86 works Described that phenotypic signs of Turner syndrome were due to absence of nuclear chromatine (1954) With W.S. Sasso, E. Chiorboli, M.C. Lima and J.M. Fernandes. Sobre o sexo genético na síndrome de Turner. Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. 1(2):203-6, 1954.
Ducci family
José Ducci Kallens, Chilean physician and inventor (Santiago 20 May 1884 – Santiago 31 October 1931) From Italian father INVENTED/DEVELOPED Electrocardiographs Devices for measuring arterial and ocular pressures A radiological system to view organs in volume and depth A new technique for stomach radiography Primitive models of enteroscopic radioscopy and planography New radiological methods Regulator for victrolas (patented) His son, Hector Ducci Claro, Chilean internist (15 August 1915 – 24 July 1959) Authored 105 papers Proposed a practical clinical classification of jaundice With Cecil J. Watson devised a method to measure conjugated bilirubin in serum (bilirrubine reacting direct or Ducci-Watson test) 1945 Developed several laboratory techniques mainly liver function tests Proposed the use of high doses of cortisone in fulminant hepatic failure due to viral hepatitis that standed worldwide for at least two decades as the life-saving alternative (1951) Standardized and adapted the thymol test of MacLagan to the photoelectric colorimeters (1946-7) With R. Katz. A simple method for the preparation of labile factor deficient plasma. Thromb. Diath. Haemor. 1(3-4):413-7 1957 With E. Taucher. Clinical experience with iodopanoic acid – a new contrast medium for cholecystography. Rev. Med. Chile 82(10):568-76, 1954 EPONYMY Ducci colloidal red test (1947) Ducci-Toriello technique (1951) Ducci-Mayel reaction See Rev. Med. Chile 127 (9):1150-2, 1999
Domingos Define
Francisco Domingos Define, cirurgião ortopédico brasileiro (São Paulo 30 December 1895 – São Paulo 21 July 1985) Methods / Techniques Novo processo para estabilizar a articulação tíbio-tarsica no pé paralítico (A technique for the stabilization of the ankle joint in the paralytic foot). Anais 4th Congr. Bras. Ortop. Traumatol. P. 277-97, 1940 Novo modelo de mesa destinada ao tratamento das fraturas da coluna vertebral (A table for the treatment of spinal fractures). Anais 4th Congr. Bras. Ortop. Traumatol. P. 189-90 (1940) Novo aparelho para correção de contraturas em flexão do joelho. Arq. Bras. Cir. Ortop. 7(1):5-21, 1939 A aplicação em cirurgia ortopédica do poder osteogênico do periósteo na infância. Rev. Bras. Ortop. 1:42-52, 1966