Biography
Pawel Krumholz, Polish-born Brazilian chemist and spectroscopist (Rajcza, Zywiec County 30 August 1909 – São Paulo 11 August 1973)
Authored 84 papers
ACHIEVEMENTS
Respected as a world authority on coordination compounds chemistry
Known internationally for his studies about iron complexes with imine bi- and multi-toothed ligands
One of the firsts to use spectroscopy in studying coordination compounds
With Feigl & Hamburg proposed sodium sulfite as a reducing agent and as a buffer
With Feigl invented quinalizarin test
With Feigl developed benzidine reaction of silicic acid
First observed tetracarbonylferrate (-II) dianinon
With H. Stettiner. The acid properties of iron tetracarbonyl hydride. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 71:3035, 1949
Reported several new bands and inflections
Spectroscopic studies on rare-earths compounds. II. A comparative study of the absorption spectra of the neodymium ion in aqueous solution and in crystalline salts. Spectrochim. Acta 10(3):274-80, 1958
Employed the concept of back donation for explaining stability, spectral features and kinetic behavior of iron-diimines complexes
Iron diamine and related complexes. Struc. Bond. 9:139, 1971
Performed the first studies in elucidating the structure of metal-carbonyl employing Raman spectroscopy and first to demonstrate the existence of metal-metal bonds in metal-carbonyl compounds
With H. Stammreich, K. Kawai, Y. Tavares J.Behmoiras & E. Bril. Raman spectra of metal carbonyl compounds. II. Raman spectra, structure and force constants of cobalt and iron tetracarbonylate anions. J. Chem. Phys. 32:1482, 1960
With H. Stammreich, K. Kawai & O. Sala. Raman spectra of metal carbonyl compounds. III. Raman spectrum vibrational analysis and bond structure in nickel tetracarbonyl. J. Chem. Phys. 35:2168, 1961
With H. Stammreich, K. Kawai & O. Sala. Raman spectra of metal carbonyl compounds. IV. Raman spectra and structure of cadmium and mercury cobalt carbonyl. J. Chem. Phys. 35:2175, 1961
DISCOVERED
Aliphatic poly-toothed imine complexes (confirmed by Busch and Bailar)
The acid nature of tetracarbonyl iron hydride
The oxidation of coordinated di-imines
DEVELOPED
Many micro analytical techniques for ions in transition metals (1933-8)
Many processes separation and purification of rare earths (patented)
Hydrometallurgical processes for obtaining vanadium, molybdenum and iridium from its ores
Spectroscopic studies on rare earth compounds. IV. Spectrophotometric method for determination of stability constants of weak complexes: application to the neodymium nitrate system (1961)
Discovered new photographic sensitizers
With J. Bril a polarographic method for studying transition metals complexes using ethylenediamineacetate
With K. Bril. Polarographic determination of relative formation constants of metal complexes of EDTA. J. Phys. Chem. 57:874, 1953
Many processes for separation and purification of rare earths
With F. Gottdenker. Extraction of thorium and uranium from monazite. Proc. Intern. Conf.Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy 8:126. 1955
Brazilian practice for monazite treatment. Proc. Symp. Rare Metals Ind. Inst. Met. 78 (1957)
With K. Bril, S. Bril, J. Behmoiras, F. Gottdenker & F.W. Lima. Brazilian practice in the separation of rare earths Proc 2nd Intern. Conf. on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy 15:249, 1958
With K. Bril & S. Bril. Separation of metal ions by means of ion exchange membranes. I. Separation of rare earths mixtures, and of thorium-rare earths mixtures using ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid. J. Phys. Chem. 63(2):256-9, 1959
With F. Gottdeker. A process for separating thorium, cerium and rare earths from mixtures of their oxides or hydroxides (1960)
With K. Bril. Process for separation of thorium from uranium (1961)
With K. Bril. Produção de urânio nuclearmente puro; Estudo da descontaminação do urânio, do tório e das terras raras pelo processo de extração com tributilfosfato. Proc 3rd Inter. Amer. Symp. Peaceful Appl. Nuclear Energy 37 (1961)
With K. Bril. Thorium production technology. Proc 3rd Intern. Conf. on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy (1964)
Developed grating spectrophotometers
A medium resolution replica grating spectrophotometer. Rev. Scient. Instrum. 22(6):362-4, 1951
Spectroscopic studies on rare-earths compounds. I. Instrumentation. Spectrochim. Acta 10(3):269-73, 1958
PATENTS (at least 18 patents; incomplete list)
Process for separating ions by ion exchange US Patent 3,037,841 (1962)
With J.B. Madjar & K.J. Bril. Process of preventing the formation of emulsions. CA638759 (1962)
Improvements in and relating to the separation of rare earths. GB886179 (1962)
With K.J. Bril. Process for separation of metal salts. CA625916 (1961)
A process for separating cerium from other rare earths. GB862613 (1961)
A process for separating ions by ion-exchange. GB862688 (1961)
Separating rare earths by fractional precipitation of their hydroxides or basic salts. CA597180 (1960)
Improvements relating to processes for the separation of components of mixtures containing rare earths and, if desired, yttrium. GB854926 (1960)
With K.J. Bril. Method for separating mixtures of rare earths. CA597182 (1960)
With K.J. Bril. Separation of yttrium and the elements of the rare earth groups. CA597183 (1960)
Papers in Nature
Abnormal colour of chelate compounds. Nature 165:570, 1951
Formation and decomposition of ferrous iron (II)-tris-α-α’-dipyridyl. Nature 163:724-5, 1949
Papers with more than 100 citations
Studies on the coordinate bond. II. Ferrous complexes of α-diimines. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 75(9):2163-6, 1953
Structural studies on polynuclear pyridine compounds. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 73(7):3487-92, 1951
EPONYMY
Heller-Krumholz method for mercury (1929)
Krumholz-Feigl-Rajmann reagent for palladium, platinum and zircon (1931)
Thiocyanate-stannous chloride method of Feigl-Krumholz (1932)
Feigl-Krumholz test or method (1933)
Krumholz-Vasquez Sanchez reagent or mercuric thiocyanate reagent for zinc (1934)
Krumholz-Kruh test for cadmium (1935)
Krumholz-Hoenel reagents for mercury, copper, iron and cadmium (1937)
Feigl-Krumholz gas-reaction vessel
LINKS
HTTP://quimicanova.sbq.org.br/qn/qnol/1983/vol6n4/v06_n4_%20(7).pdf
