Birbal Sahni
Birbal Sahni, Indian geologist and palaeobotanist (Bhera, Shahpur District, West Punjab 14 November 1891 – Lucknow 10 April 1949) Brother of geologist Mulk Raj Sahni and uncle of paleontologist Ashok Sahni Made improvements in the technique of studying fossil plants Discovered Pentoxyleae (1947), a new group of fossil gymnosperms DESCRIBED FOSSIL PLANTAE GENERA Asterochlaenopsis 1930 Austroclepsis 1932 Barakaria 1920 with Seward Buriadia 1920 with Seward Cyclanthodendron 1944 with Surange Enigmocarpon 1937 Indostrobus 1931 Massulites 1943 with H.S. Rao (Sporae) Moranocladus 1926 with Seward Nipaniophyllum 1948 Ontheodendron 1933 with A.R. Rao Palaeosordaria 1943 with H.S. Rao Pataloxylon 1920 Pondicherria 1933 Rajmahalia 1934 with A.R. Rao Rodeites 1943 Sausarospermum 1934 with Srivastava Takliostrobus 1931 Viracarpon 1934 HONORS (Fossil) Birbalsahnia Bajpai & Maheshwari 1991 (Plantae) Sahnia Vishnu-Mittre 1953 (Plantae) Sahnites Pant 1955 (Sporae) Sahnianthus Shukla 1944 (Plantae) Sahnipushpan Shukla 1950 (Plantae) Sahnispermum Manik 1993 (Plantae) Sahnisporites Bhardwaj 1965 (Sporae) Sahnioxylon Bose & Sah 1955 (Plantae) Sahniocarpon Chitaley & Patil 1973 (Plantae) Birbalina Sahni 1955 (Foraminifera) Birbalomys Sahni & Khare 1973 (Mammalia) His wife, Savitri Sahni, (19 September 1902 – Lucknow 26 April 1985), headed the Institute of Paleobotany of Lucknow (1949-69) after the death of founder Birbal Sahni HONORS (Fossil) Savitrisporites Bhardwaj 1956 (Sporae) Savitrinia Nagy 1966 (Acritarcha) Savitrispermum Manik 1987 (Plantae)
Benedicto & Hélia Soares
Benedicto Abílio Monteiro Soares, Brazilian arachnologist and entomologist (São Paulo 12 September 1914 – Botucatu, São Paulo State 12 December 1985) DESCRIBED TAXA Arachnida Genera Alone Camposicoloides 1944 Capichabesia 1944 Chaquesia 1944 Heliella 1945 Melloleitaniania 1943 Mitopernoides 1944 Oliverius 1945 Pseudogyndesoides 1944 Rezendesius 1945 Schubartesia 1944 Ubatubesia 1944 Victoriaincola 1946 With Helia Soares Acanthopachylopsis 1949 Ceratoleptes 1979 Chavensicola 1946 Gertia 1946 Goodnightiella 1945 Hutamaia 1977 Iguassuoides 1954 Itatiaincola 1948 Maromba 1954 Metalyogoniosoma 1946 Paraprosontes 1947 Paraproweyhia 1947 Thrasychiroides 1947 With Camargo Chirabicirculigera 1948 Sickius 1948 Wulfilopsis 1955 Species Over than 150 (80 with his wife and 70 with Camargo) Coleoptera Genera Schoenfeldtiopsis 1977 with Scivittaro Ubaniopsis 1970 Species At least 33 (15 with Scivittaro, 9 with Dias, 5 with Meyer, 2 with Peracchi & 2 alone) HONORS Abiliella Peracchi 1964 (Coleoptera) Lanesoares Roewer 1949 (Arachnida) Soaresnema Travassos & Kloss 1958 (Nematoda) Soaresia H. Soares 1945 (Arachnida) His wife, Hélia Eller Monteiro Soares, Estonian-born Brazilian arachnologist (Tartu 16 October 1923 – 1999) DESCRIBED ARACHNIDA TAXA Genera Alone Aesotrinoma 1977 Amazonesia 1970 Anoplogynopsis 1966 Baculigerus 1979 Beckeresia 1970 Eopachyloides 1970 Eugyndopsiella 1972 Guatubesia 1978 Huralvioides 1970 Izecksohnopilio 1977 Jim 1979 Paramicrocranaus 1970 Pararezendesius 1972 Paruleptes 1970 Pirassunungoleptes 1966 Pseudoacrographinotus 1966 Recifesius 1978 Sickesia 1979 Soaresia 1945 Spelaleoleptes 1966 Triaenonychoides 1968 With Bauab Vianna Anokopsis 1980 Proctonemesia 1978 Punagraphinotus 1972 Rhioxyna 1970 With Avram Aucayacuella 1983 Pucallpana 1983 Stefanesia 1988 Traiania 1981 Species 169 valid species of Opiliones HONORS (Arachnida) Heliella Soares 1945 Elleriana Kury 2003
Bawa Kartar Singh
Bawa Kartar Singh, Indian stereo chemist (Vairoval, Amritsar District 17 April 1886 – Chandigarh 16 June 1960) Authored over 150 papers Gained international recognition for his studies on stereochemistry of camphor compounds Developed a biochemical method to distinguish between a racemic mixture and a racemic compound Developed with P. Prasad a new method for the preparation of tertiary amines
Basil Schonland
Basil Ferdinand Jamieson Schonland, South African physicist (Grahamstown, Cape Colony 01 February 1896 – Winchester, Hampshire 24 November 1972) ACHIEVEMENTS Considered as world’s greatest authority on lightning Studied electric fields under thunderclouds Elucidated the complex nature of the lightning flash and the time-sequence of its component strokes Unravelled the complex sequence of events in the flash and correlated with the measurements of electric field changes at ground level First showed that a flash consist of several strokes and measured the time interval between them With D.J. Malan & H. Collens established a pattern of flash sequences of strokes now universally accepted (1935) First linked radio atmospherics with lightning (1935) Explained why spires and towers are more vulnerable to be struck by lightning DEVELOPED A new electroscope. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 25:340, 1929 With P.G. Gane. A lightning flash counter. Trans. S. A. I. I. I. 38:119, 1947 With P.G. Gane. The ceraunometer. Weather, June 1948 With D.J. Malan. An electrostatic flux meter of short response-time for use in the study of transient field-changes. Proc. Phys. Soc. B 63:402, 1950 His father, Selmar Schonland, German-born South African botanist (Bad Frankenhausen, Thuringen 15 August 1860 – Grahamstown, Cape Province 22 April 1940) Son in law of mycologist Peter MacOwan Introduced and published the technique of wax embedding and serial cutting with the microtome into botanical research (1886) Described three genera (today invalid) and about 250 new plant species SOME BIBLIOGRAPHY Botany Spinosity of plants. S. Afr. J. Nat. Hist. 6:101-7, 1927 On the absorption of water by the aerial organs of some succulents. Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr. 1:395-401, 1910 With C. W. Mally. Disease in pineapples. Agric. J. Cape (1901) Plant-animal symbiosis. Nature 52:597, 1895 Modification of Pagan’s “growing slide”. Ann. Bot. 2:227-31, 1888-9 The apical meristem in the roots of Pontederiaceae (1888) Zoology On protective coloration in some South African animals Nesting habits of Tockus melanoleucus. Trans. S. Afr. Phil. Soc. 18:1-7, 1909 Notes on the Chacma Baboon and the Maanhaar Jackal. The Zoologist (1897) Snake cannibalism. Nature (1894-5) The Zebra stripes. Nature (1892) Anthropology/Ethnology On some implements and ornaments of South African native races made from stone and bone. Records of the Albany Museum 2:18-23, 1907 Hottentot and Bushman pottery. Records of the Albany Museum (1903) Art amongst natives of South Africa (1894) On some supposed Bushman inscriptions and rock-carvings found in Bechuanaland. Trans. S.Afr. Phil. Soc. 9:19-20, 1896 On some human skulls in the collection of the Albany Museum. Trans. S. Afr. Philos. Soc. (1894) HONOURS Schoenlandella Cameron 1904 (Hymenoptera)
Baij Nath Singh
Baij Nath Singh, Indian protozoologist and microbiologist (Varanasi 31 July 1914 – Lucknow 29 December 1985) Showed that some aerobic free-living amoebae could cause fatal human meningoencephalitis Demonstrated that avirulent strains of Entamoeba histolytica could be made virulent by feeding them with cholesterol in culture Made significant contributions to the phenomenon of cystations showing the role that amino acids and cAMP play in process DESCRIBED PROTOZOA TAXA Families Nathellidae 1953 Schizopyrenidae 1952 Genera Bawdenium 1982 with Misra & Sharma Carteria 1982 with Misra & Sharma Cutleria 1982 with Misra & Sharma Didascalus 1952 Greeffia 1979 with Hanumaiah Nathella 1953 Platyamoeba 1979 with Hanumaiah Russellia 1979 with Hanumaiah Sahnium 1982 with Misra & Sharma Schizopyrenus 1952 Tetramastigamoeba 1979 Thorntonius 1981 with Misra & Sharma HONORS (Protozoa) Singhamoeba Sawyer, Nerad & Munson 1992 Singhella Chang 1971
Augusto Cesar Scala
Augusto Cesar Scala, Italian-born Argentine plant histologist and micrographist (Lavagna, Genoa 11 April 1880 – Buenos Aires 21 July 1933) ACHIEVEMENTS/CONTRIBUTIONS Proposed method of micrographical assay for maté analysis (Scala method) Micrographical Assay of Maté. An illustrated description of the structure found in powered mate leaves and of the common adulterants. Anales Asoc. Quím. Argentina 9:192-5, 1921. A differential staining with boric carmine and green iodine (Scala double staining) La tecnica de doble coloracción diferencial en histología vegetal. Rev. Museo La Plata. Second Series. 15(2):221-225, 1908. A new injection mass albumine-based Una nueva masa de inyección a base de albumina. Anales de la Soc. Cient. Argent. 65:183, 1908. New method for fixation and conservation of protozoa. Nuevo metodo para la fijación y conservación de protozoarios. Revista del Museo de La Plata 15:54, 1908. A new staining reaction of gums Sobre una nueva reacción coloreada de las gomas A mounting solution for microscopic preparations for projection purposes. Liquido de montajes para preparados microscópicos destinados a proyección Drew a new nomenclature for compound leaves Esbozo de una nomenclatura de las hojas compuestas The last three were presented in American International Scientific Congress (1910). SOME BIBLIOGRAPHY La propagación de las semillas en la Cyclanthera histrix Arn. (1937) Micrografia de las maderas argentinas. El nogal criollo (1934) El sistema tanifero del leño y su importancia para la determinación de maderas (1934) Importancia de la arbol en la higiene publica (1932) La validez del genero Magallana Cav. y su rehabilitación (1929) Importancia de la ficha histologica para la exacta diferenciación de las maderas y necesidad de estabelecerla para las maderas argentinas (1929) Contribución al estudio histologico de las maderas chilenas Embothrium coccineum Forst. (1929) Clave universal para la determinación de las famílias de las plantas (1923) Reconocimiento microquimico de los oxalatos solubles en los vegetales (1921) Contribución al conocimiento histologico de la yerba mate y sus falsificaciones (1921) Esbozo de uma nueva nomenclatura de las hojas compuestas (1919) Diferenciación del anís estrelado oficinal de las espécies toxicas (1919) Sobre um tratamento empírico en un caso de mordedura de serpente (1918) Rol de los nucléolos en la división celular cariocinetica (1918) Contribuciones al estudio histologico de la flora chilena (1917-25) Clave universal para la determinación de las famílias de las plantas (1915) Contribución al estudio de las dobles coloraciones diferenciales obtenidas con un solo colorante (1911) Contribución histologica y origen botánico de la yerba mate de Bolivia (1910) Acción de los principales alcaloides sobre los protozoários (1910) La estrutura morfológica del grano de aleurona