August Rimbach
August Rimbach, German-born Ecuadorian botanist and plant physiologist (Jena 1862 – Riobamba 07 July 1943) SOME BIBLIOGRAPHY The forests of Ecuador. Tropical woods 31:1-9, 1932 Die Verbreitung der Wurzelverkurzung im Pflanzenreich (1929) Die Wurzelverkurzrung bei den groen Monokotylenformen. Ber. d. Deutsch. Bot. Gesellsch. 40:196-02, 1922 Uber die Verkurzung des Hypocotyls. Ber. d. Deutsch. Bot. Gesellsch. 39:285, 1921 Observaciones sobre plantas forrajeras. Rev. Minist. Industr. Montevideo (1916) Physiological observations on the subterranean organs of some Californian Liliaceae (1902) Physiological observations on some perennial herbs. Bot. Gaz. 30:171-88, 1900 Beitrage sur Physiologie der Wurzeln. Ber. d. Deutsch. Bot. Gesellsch. 17:18-35, 1899 Ueber Lilium martagon. Ber. d. Deutsch. Bot. Gesellsch. 16:104-10, 1898 Das Tiefenwachstum der Rhizome. Funfustiucks Beitr. Wiss. Bot. 3:177, 1898 Ueber die Ursache der Zellhautwellung in der Endodermis der Wurzeln. Funfustiucks Beitr. Wiss. Bot. 2:94-113, 1898 Die kontraktilen wurzeln und ihre thaitigkeit Funfstiucks. Beitr. Wiss. Bot. 2:1-28, 1898 Reisen im Gebiet de ob. Amazonas. Z. Erd. 32:360-409, 1897 Ueber die Lebenswiese der geophilen Pflanzen. Ber. d. Deutsch. Bot. Gesellsch. 15:92, 1897 Ueber die Lebenswiese der Arum maculatum. Ber. d. Deutsch. Bot. Gesellsch. 15, 1897 Zur Biologie der Pflanzen mit unterirdischen Spross. Ber. d. Deutsch. Bot. Gesellsch. 13, (1895) Jahresperiode tropisch-andiner zwiebeipflanzen (1895) HONORS Rimbachia Patouillard 1891 (Fungi)
Atta ur Rahman
Atta ur Rahman, Pakistani organic chemist (Delhi, British India 22 September 1942 – Authored 970 publications, 151 books and 37 patents Authored influential books Biosynthesis of Indole Alkaloids (1983) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (the first textbook to have a detailed discussion on 2D-MNR spectroscopy) Stereoselective synthesis in organic chemistry ACHIEVEMENTS Discovered several hundred new natural products i.e. bioactive substances (alkaloids, saponins, withanolides, sesquiterpenes and triterpenoids) from plants as well as marine plants and animals many of which exhibited exciting biological activities including anti-oxidant, anti-epileptic, anti-leishmaniasis, anti-AIDS, immunomodulating, anti-asthmatic, analgesic, nematicidal and anti-cancer activities Reported a number of binary and dimeric alkaloids from terrestrial and marine sources First proposed that vinblastine may arise from a pentacyclic precursor alkaloid such as catharanthine Obtained the first vinblastine derivative (1971) Discovered high yield fragmentation of the hexacyclic 16-epi-19-s-vindolinine to a tricyclic indole (1983) Proposed a theory of chemical basis of memory based on hydrogen bonding (2001) METHODS Developed a new method for the determination of absolute configurations of chiral carboxylic acids, α-amino acids amino alcohols, polynucleic acids and epinephrine isomers by partially or totally restricting their conformational flexibility through complexation with trinuclear metal complexes (1993) With Y. Ahmad, T. Begum, I.H. Qureshi & K. Zaman. A novel rearrangement of papaverine derivative isoquino [1-2-b] quinazoline derivative. Heterocycles 26(7):1841, 1987 With M. Ghazala, N. Sultan, M. Bashir & A.A. Ansari. A new synthesis of carbolines by metal-ion catalyzed reduction of N-imidotryptamines With S. Firdous. A new approach to the synthesis of N-arylate aromatic amines: a new carbazole synthesis With N. Waheed. Reductive cyclization of indolic imides. A new carbonile synthesis With N. Waheed. A new one step synthesis of carbolines With A. Basha. A new method for reduction of amides with zinc/ethanol With A. Basha. A new method for conversion of tertiary aromatic amides into aldehydes With A. Basha, N. Waheed & S. Ahmad. A new method for the reduction of amides to amines with sodium borohydride With J.H. Mason. Improved total syntheses of dihydrocleavamines, 16-methoxycarbonydihydrocleavanine and 16-hydroxydihydrocleavanine Synthetic studies towards vinblastine and its analogues.VI. The Markovnikov addition of acetic acid to catharanthine by a modification of the Prevost reaction PATENTS (incomplete) Methods for the synthesis of vinblastine, 20-epivinblastine (vinrosidine), 15-hydroxy-20-deoxyvinblastine, vincristine and other novel intermediates. Patent 126852 (1978) Patented many innovative procedures for rapid isolation of alkaloids HONOURS UNESCO Science Prize (1999) Honorary Life Fellow, King’s College, Cambridge University (2007) LINKS http://www.iccs.edu/update%20web/Prof.%20Atta-ur-Rahman/CV-PROF-Atta-ur-Rahman.pdf
Arturo Rotor
Arturo Belleza Rotor, Philippine physician and writer (Manila 07 June 1907 – 09 April 1988) Described Rotor syndrome With L. Manahan & A. Florentin. Familial non-hemolytic jaundice with direct Van den Bergh reaction. Acta Medica Philippina 5:37-49, 1948
Arturo Rosenblueth Stearns
Arturo Rosenblueth Stearns, Mexican neurophysiologist (Ciudad Guerrero, Chihuahua State 02 October 1900 – Ciudad de Mexico 20 September 1970) From Jewish Hungarian father and Irish-descent mother Considered one of the world’s most important neurophysiologists and a founder of cybernetics Authored 153 papers and 4 monographs ACHIEVEMENTS Demonstrated that DNA was the main responsible for genetic transmission (1944) With Norbert Wiener Set the bases of cybernetics With N. Wiener & J. Bigelow. Behavior, Purpose and Teleology. Philosophy of Science 10(1):21, 1943 Elaborated a mathematical model that describes impulses in a neuron network and perform a statistical analysis of communication process between neurons Discovered negative feedback in human organism Formulated mathematically cardiac impulse conduction (1946) First proposed the concept of vulnerability to formation of an unidirectional block and introduced a specific protocol of stimulation of an one-dimensional excitable ring With W.B. Cannon Predicted the existence of noradrenaline (1933) Elucidated the details of the sympathetic regulatory action Proved chemical mediation of autonomic nervous impulses through synapses Established quantitative laws that rule the action mode of nerve impulses Determinated specific action of adrenaline released in striated muscles Described in detail electrical phenomena that occur in smooth muscles Described relative electrical instability of autonomous effectors, smooth muscles and glands Enunciated Cannon-Rosenblueth law of denervation (1949) With W. Cannon. The supersensitivity of denervated structures: a law of denervation Developed Rosenblueth-Cannon test for adrenaline Authored a classical book Physiology of the Autonomous Nervous System (1937) With others With J. Luco Valenzuela demonstrated that during prolonged stimulation of a motor nerve, neuromuscular fatigue is followed by a rise of tension known as Rosenblueth phenomenon (1939) Discovered fifth stage in neuromuscular transmission With J. Luco. The fifth stage of neuromuscular transmission. Amer. J. Physiol. 126(1), 1939 Distinguished between transmission fatigue and contraction fatigue With J. Garcia Ramos performed fundamental studies about the origin of heart arrhytmias Developed Rosenblueth-García Ramos method (1947) With J. Garcia Ramos. Studies on flutter and fibrillation. The influence of artificial obstacles on experimental auricular flutter. Am.Heart J. 33(5):677-84, 1947 With Alanís and Mandoki enunciated concept of refractory functional period in nerve cell (1949) Introduced nerve electrophysiology into the study of cardiac tissue Enunciated mathematical laws that regulate striation and fibrillation of cardiac auricle With W.H. Daughaday & D.D.Bond (1943) and J. Garcia Ramos (1946) described and systematized cardiac ventricle electrogram With J. Garcia Ramos. The various components of the monophasic electrogram of the cardiac ventricle. Arch. Inst. Cardiol. Mexico 16:45-57, 1946 Relevant papers With J. Garcia Ramos. The relations between the impedance and the emf changes in the cerebral cortex. Acta Physiol. Lat.Am. 17:76-87, 1967 With J. Garcia Ramos & L.F. Nims. Slow potential and impedance changes in the medulla of the cat. Acta Physiol. Lat.Am. 16:212-9, 1966 With J. Alanis, R. Rubio & E. López. The two staircase phenomenon. Arch. Intern. Physiol. Bioch. 67(3):374-83, 1959 Two processes for auriculo-ventricular and ventriculo-auricular propagation of impulses in the heart. Am. J. Physiol. 194(3):495-8, 1958 With N. Wiener, W. Pitts & J. Garcia Ramos. A statistical analysis of synaptic excitation. J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 34:173-206, 1949 With N. Wiener, W. Pitts & J. Garcia Ramos. An account of the spike potential of axons. J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 32:275-318, 1948 With N. Wiener. The mathematical formulation of the problem conduction of impulses in a network of connected excitable elements, specifically in cardiac muscle. Arch. Inst. Cardiol. Mex. 16(3):205-65, 1946 With J. Garcia Ramos & W.B. Cannon. The crossed and ipsilateral extensor spinal reflexes. Arch. Inst. Cardiol. Mex. 15(5):401-54, 1945 With J. Garcia Ramos & W.B. Cannon. Sensitization of spinal neurons by partial denervation. Arch. Inst. Cardiol. Mex. 15(4):327-48, 1945 With G.H. Parker. The electric stimulation of the concentrating (adrenergic) and the dispersing (cholinergic) nerve fibres of the melanophores in the catfish. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 27(4):198-204, 1941 With K. Lissak & A. Lanari. An explanation of the five stages of neuromuscular and ganglionic synaptic transmission. Am. J. Physiol. 128(1), 1939 With R.S. Morison. The action of eserine and prostigmin on skeletal muscle. Science 84(2190):551-2, 1936 Medicine & Physiology Nobel Prize nominee (1952)
Arrigo Antonio Raia
Arrigo Antonio Raia, Brazilian surgeon (Araraquara, São Paulo State 23 August 1912 – São Paulo 23 October 2019) Authored 287 papers and 85 book chapters First to describe the lesions of myoenteric plexus of stomach caused by Trypanosoma cruzi Distinguished the differences of acquired and congenital megaesophagus DEVELOPED SURGICAL TECHNIQUES With J E M Cunha & M.C.C. Machado. New technique of pancreaticojejunal anastomosis after partial pancreaticoduodenectomy. American Journal of Surgery 139:451-453, 1984. With H.W. Pinotti, B. Zilberstein, G. Ellenbogen & J.J. Gama-Rodrigues. Lateral deviation esophagostomy. New simplified technical procedure. Acta Gastroenterol Latinoam. 12(2):135-41, 1982 With H.W. Pinotti, B. Zilberstein & W.M.Pollara. Esophagectomy without thoracotomy. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. (1981) With W.M. Pollara, R. Gemperli & H.W. Pinotti. O problema do câncer no megaesôfago. Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. 26:379-81, 1980 With G. Ellenbogen, J.J. Gama-Rodrigues, I.F. Carril & H.W. Pinotti. Lateral esophagostomy of derivation. A new simplified technical procedure. Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. 24(6):191-4, 1978 With J.E. Monteiro, T. Bacchella & M.C.C. Machado. A modified technique for the reconstruction of the alimentary tract after pancreatoduodenectomy. Surg. Gynecol. Obst. 143:271, 1976. With O. Simonsen, N.A.G. Stolfi, F. Aun & A. Habr-Gama. Rectal sphincter reconstruction in perineal colostomies after abdominoperineal resection for cancer. Brit.J. Surg. (1976) With H.W. Pinotti, G. Ellenbogen, R. Arab Fadul & J.J. Gama-Rodrigues. New bases for the surgical treatment of megaesophagus: esophagocardiomyotomy with esophagus-fundus-gastropexy. Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. 20:331-4, 1974 With J.J. Gama-Rodrigues. Moléstia cística do fígado: apresentação de caso e de nova técnica de tratamento cirúrgico. São Paulo Med Journal 73(2):65-72, 1968. With J. Haddad & A. Correa Netto. Abaixamento retro-retral do cólon com colostomia perineal no tratamento do megacólon adquirido. Operação de Duhamel modificada. Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. 11: 83-85, 1965. With H.W. Pinotti. A prova do lugol no diagnóstico diferencial das hemorragias digestivas altas Ann. Paul. Med. Cir. 80(1), (1960) DEVICES With J. Faintuch, F.B. Jatene, M.C. Machado, J.J. Gama-Rodrigues, T. Szego et al. Enteral nutrition through naso-jejunal intubation. Presentation of a new tube made of silicone rubber. Rev. Hosp. Clin. Fac. Med. São Paulo 36(4):158-61, 1981 With J.J. Gama Rodrigues, G. Ellenbogen & H.W. Pinotti. New orientation in distal esophagectomy: reconstruction by esophagogastric anastomoses with an anti-reflux valve. Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. 21(1):21-4, 1975
Armando Octavio Ramos
Armando Octavio Ramos, Brazilian neuropharmacologist (São Paulo 1932 – 1992) Co-discovered neurokinin With L.F. Chapman, H. Goodell & H.G. Wolff. Neurokinin: a polypeptide formed during neuronal activity in man. Trans. Amer. Neurol. Assoc 42 (1960) With A.P. Corrado & C.T. Escobar clarified the potentiation mechanism caused by antibiotics amino glycosides to curare-induced neuromuscular block SOME BIBLIOGRAPHY With W.P. Bastos. Isoamiline as inhibitor of muscarinic acid and nicotinic ganglionic receptors. Pharmacology 4(1):39-44, 1970 With R. Scivoletto. Tyramine effects before and after isoproterenol on the isolated reserpinized heart. Pharmacology 1:312-6, 1968 With L. Ramos & J.A.F. Caldeira. Action of antipyretic-analgesic drugs on intraocular pressure in the rabbit. Med. Pharmacol. Exp. Int. J. Exp. Med. 16:350-4, 1967 With W.P. Bastos & M. Sakate. Influence of metoclopramide in experimental arrhythmias induced by barium or by chloroform and adrenaline (1967) With S.B. Zyngier, L. Ramos & C.E. Corbett. Ionic antagonism and the cholinergic activation induced by polymyxins on the heart (1967) With L. Ramos & J.A.F. Caldeira. Fall of intraocular pressure prduced by chlorpromazine injection in the cisterna magna (1966) With M. Sakate. Effect of N-phenyl N-heptylnicotinamide on the isolated smooth muscle and on the arterial blood pressure. Folia Clin. Biol. 34:92-100, 1965 With B.J. Schmidt. Neurokinin and pain-producing substance in congenital generalized analgesia. Arch. Neurology 10 (1):42-6, 1964 With R. Oehling, C.E. Corbett & L. Ramos. Pharmacological activity of aqueous humor from some animal species including man. Rev. Fac. Farm. Bioquim. 2:9, 1963 With L.F. Chapman & L. Ramos. Neurokinin from cerebrospinal fluid. I. Some pharmacological properties. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. 146:501, 1963 With L.F. Chapman, H. Goodell & H.G. Wolff. Evidence for kinin formation resulting from neural activity evoked by noxious stimulation. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 104:258, 1963 With L. Ramos, R. Oehling & C.E. Corbett. Action of colistin on isolated smooth muscle. Chemotherapy 7 (1963) With J.R. Pereira & L. Ramos. Pharmacology of the bile. II. Bilikinin, parasympathomimetic factor of the bile. Arch. Intern. Pharmacodyn. 135:454, 1962 With L. Ramos. Inhibitory action of atropine on the adrenolytic effect of chlorpromazine. Rev. Bras. Biol. 22:177-83, 1962 With L. Ramos, R.E. Bastos & A.M. Deluca. Comparative stydy of the pharmacological activity of antibiotics (streptomycin, neomycin, kanamyxcin and viomycin) on autonomic ganglia, myoneural function (1962) With L.F. Chapman, H. Goodell & H.G. Wolff. Neurohumoral features of afferent fibers in man. Arch. Neurol. 4:617, 1961 With L.F. Chapman & H.G. Wolff. Properties of a polypeptide formed by incubating cerebrospinal fluid with plasma globulin. Fed. Proc. 20:379, 1961 With L.F. Chapman, H. Goodell, G. Silverman & H.G. Wolff. A humoral agent implicated in vascular headache of the migraine type. Archs. Neurol. Psych. 3:223, 1960 With A.P. Corrado. Some pharmacological aspects of a new antibiotic, kanamycin. Rev. Bras. Biol. 20:43-50, 1960 With M. Rocha e Silva & A.P. Corrado. Potentiation of duration ot he vasodilator effect of bradykinin by sympatholytic drugs and by reserpine. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 128:217-26, 1960 With A.P. Corrado & C.T. Escobar. Neuromuscular blockade by neomycin. Potentiation by ether anaesthesia and d-tubocurarine and antagonism by calcium and prostigmine. Arch. Intern. Pharmacodyn. 121:380, 1959 With A.P. Corrado. Neomycin: its curariform and ganglioplegic actions. Rev. Bras. Biol. 18:81-5, 1958 With A.P. Corrado. Efeito hiperpiético do veneno de escorpião (Tityus serrulatus e Tityus bahiensis). An. Fac. Med. Univ. São Paulo 28:81-98, 1954 With L. Ramos & J.A.F. Caldeira. Influence of vaidril on the intraocular pressure of rabbits. Ophthalmologica (Basel)